Efekti produženog spavanja na pospanost i psihobiološke parametre posle jedne radne nedelje blage restrikcije spavanja

Abstract

Uvod. Jedna nedelja blage restrikcije spavanja ima negativne efekte na pospanost, performansu i proinflamatorne citokine i dovodi do povecanja energetskog unosa. Mnogi pojedinci pokušavaju da prevaziu navedene štetne efekte spavajuci duže preko vikenda. Meutim, efekti produženog spavanja posle blage restrikcije spavanja na sekreciju hormona stresa i hormona koji regulišu apetit, kao i na stepen gladi i energetski unos, nisu bili predmet dosadašnjih studija. Ciljevi istraživanja. Proceniti efekte produženog (“vikend”) spavanja posle “jedne radne nedelje” blage restrikcije spavanja na pospanost/budnost, inflamaciju i hormon stresa, kortizol, kao i na energetski unos, stepen gladi, i na dvadesetcetvorocasovnu sekreciju cirkulišuceg leptina. Materijal i metode. Trideset zdravih, mladih muškaraca i žena (prosecne godine starosti ± SD, 24.7 ±3.5, prosecna vrednost ITM ± SD, 23.6 ±2.4 kg/m2) ucestvovali su u eksperimentalnoj studiji laboratorije za istraživanje spavanja. Studija je trajala 13 dana [4 bazalne noci (8h/noc), posle kojih su usledile 6 noci restrikcije spavanja (6h/noc) i 3 noci produženog spavanja (10h/noc)]. Dvadesetcetvorocasovni profili cirkulišuceg interleukina-6 (IL-6), kortizola i leptina; objektivne i subjektivne dnevne pospanosti (Test višestrukog uspavljivanja i Stendfordska skala pospanosti), neurobihejvioralne performanse (Test psihomotorne vigilnosti), raspoloženja (Profili stanja raspoloženja), energetski unos i stepen gladi evaluirani su cetvrtog (bazalni period), desetog (posle jedne nedelje restrikcije spavanja) i trineastog dana (posle 2 noci produženog spavanja). Rezultati. Dvadesetcetvorocasovni serijski nivoi IL-6 u plazmi su znacajno porasli u toku restrikcije spavanja, dok su se posle produženog spavanja vratili na bazalne nivoe. Dvadesetcetvorocasovni serijski nivoi kortizola ostali su nepromenjeni tokom restrikcije spavanja u poreenju sa bazalnim nivoima, ali su bili znacajno niži posle produženog spavanja...

Introduction. One workweek of mild sleep restriction adversely impacts sleepiness, performance and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Many individuals try to overcome these adverse effects by extending their sleep on weekends. Furthermore, energy intake increases after sleep restriction, however, the effects of extended recovery sleep following prolonged sleep curtailment on hunger, food consumption, and appetite- and stress-regulating hormones have not been studied. Aims. To assess the effects of extended “weekend” recovery sleep after “one workweek” of mild sleep restriction on sleepiness/alertness, inflammation and stress hormones, as well as on energy intake, hunger, and 24-hour circulating leptin. Material and methods. Thirty healthy, young men and women (mean age ±SD, 24.7 ± 3.5; mean body mass index ±SD, 23.6 ± 2.4 kg/m2) participated in a sleep laboratory experiment of 13 nights [4 baseline nights (8h/night), followed by 6 sleep restriction nights (6h/night) and 3 recovery nights (10h /night)]. Twentyfour- hour profiles of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6), cortisol, and leptin; objective and subjective daytime sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Stanford Sleepiness Scale), performance (Psychomotor Vigilance Task), mood (Profile of Mood States), energy intake, and hunger were assessed on days 4 (baseline), 10 (after one week of sleep restriction) and 13 (after 2 nights of recovery sleep). Results. Serial 24-h IL-6 plasma levels increased significantly during sleep restriction and returned to baseline after recovery sleep. Serial 24-h cortisol levels during restriction did not change compared to baseline, but after recovery they were significantly lower. Subjective and objective sleepiness increased significantly after restriction and returned to baseline after recovery. In contrast, performance deteriorated significantly after restriction and did not improve after recovery. Furthermore, feelings of hunger did not change during either sleep restriction or recovery, while, energy intake increased significantly during sleep restriction and did not return to baseline after recovery...