Socijalno odbacivanje i saradnja u situaciji socijalne dileme
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Social exclusion represents an unpleasant experience that results in changes in
thinking, emotions, motives and behavior. An attempt to predict a person's behavior
after being exposed to social exclusion is an important question, which is
accompanied by paradoxical answers. An excluded person may tend to harm others
(antisocial reaction), to treat them with increased ingratiation (prosocial reaction), or
may withdraw from further social contacts. A specific context in which the effect of
social exclusion can be manifested is cooperation in a mixed-motive situation. The
aim of this research was to test the hypotheses about the prosocial and antisocial
reaction in the Trust game, specifically, to examine whether social exclusion results
in reduced or increased cooperation. In order to provide a nuanced perspective, and
thus potentially help to overcome existing contradictions in the literature, the
moderating effect of partner’s reputation and trustworthiness were also examine...d. At
the same time, individual differences were taken into consideration, more precisely,
Social - Value Orientation and Rejection Sensitivity. Randomized experimental
design without pretest was applied, with three between-subject situational factors
Social exclusion (excluded / included / neutral) x Reputation (known / unknown
partner) x trustworthiness (trustworthy /untrostworthy), and two covariates related to
individual differences (Social value orientation and Rejection sensitivity). While
checking the effects of situational variables was performed by exposing participants
to different conditions, Social - Value Orientation and Rejection sensitivity were
operationalized with the Slider Technique and the Rejection sensitivity scale (RSQ).
The sample included 175 participants, students of the first and second year of
Psychology at the Faculty of Philosophy in Nis. Despite the successful manipulation
of social exclusion, the results do not support previous studies showing that exclusion
has an effect on cooperation in the social dilemma. The main effects were observed
only when it comes to variables reputation and trustworthiness. Based on the
observed results, It can be assumed that the experience of social exclusion was a
negative one, a kind of warning to participants that made them cautious, but no less
willing to analyze social signs and decide to cooperate in the Trust Game.