Problem komunikacije u delima Ernesta Sabata
Author
Čanović, Ana R.Mentor
Milutinović, DejanCommittee members
Karanović, VladimirŽivković, Dušan
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The subject of the doctoral dissertation entitled The problem of
communication in the works of Ernesto Sabato is the research into
impossibility of communication between the heroes in the prose of the
Argentinian writer Ernesto Sabato. The key issues that occupied
Sabato in novels and essays are: the questions of good and evil, God,
the meaning of existence, the possibilities of cognition and
communication, loneliness, literature, as well as the problems of
artistic creation. In this dissertation the above issues will be
considered from the angle of lack of communication between the
heroes in the novels The Tunnel (El Túnel), On Heroes and Tombs
(Sobre héroes y tumbas) and The Angel of Darkness (Abaddón, el
Exterminador); the research also includes Sabato’s essays: One and
the Universe (Uno y el Universo), Men and Gears (Hombres y
engranajes), Heterodoxy (Heterodoxia), The Writer and his Ghosts
(El escritor y sus fantasmas), memoirs Before the End (Antes del fin)
and The Resistance (La... resistencia), as well as Dialogues with Jorge
Luis Borges (Diálogos: Jorge Luis Borges - Ernesto Sábato). In
addition, this paper examines the existentialist approach to the
problem of communication in the context of European, American and
Hispanic literature, all with the aim of determining the originality of
Sabato's novels, when it comes to the concepts of
(non)communication and cognition of painful reality.
The aim of the dissertation is to address the following problems: the
lack of communication between Sabato's heroes, the manner in which
the motives of (non)communication and loneliness are presented in
Sabato's prose, the manner in which the characters of Sabato's novels
require a reader’s active cooperation in the process of understanding
their actions, stylistic means by which Sabato achieves the
impossibility of communication between the heroes in his works, as
well as possible doubts and open questions after reading Sabato’s
novels.
The paper uses discourse analysis and conversation analysis as the
main methodological approaches. The discourse is viewed from a
psychological and sociological perspective, i.e. taking into account
the writer's personality and psychological situations that accompanied
the creation of his works, as well as the social and historical
circumstances that were important for Sabato’s work. The starting
point is that communication in a literary text can occur on three
levels: syntactic, semantic and pragmatic; therefore, the impossibility
of communication within Sabato’s novels is seen through the same
levels. The research of the phenomenon of (non)communication
between the heroes, both in Sabato's opus and in relevant novels in a
broader context, will be viewed as a language conflict, i.e. as a
narrative strategy that will contribute to expanding interpretive
insights into the opus of the famous Argentian author.
The research has shown that the heroes of Sabato's novels are
connected by the fact that the absence of their communication stems
from their belief that no one can understand them; it further implies
that (non)communication is the result of loneliness of heroes living in
subjective reality. Finally, the research into the phenomenon of
(impossibility) of communication between the heroes in Sabato's
works reveals that Sabato's understanding of the novel is based on the
idea of communication between the writer and a reader – therefore,
Sabato's novel is understood as an unfinished work that develops
further after it actually ends.