Razvojne karakteristike krvnih i limfnih sudova jetre embriona i fetusa čoveka - imunohistohemijska i morfpmetrijsko istraživanje

Abstract

In the scientific literature, there are few, and often contradictory data of the development of blood and lymphatic vessels of the human liver. The goal was to define the appearance of different types of blood and lymph vessels and to describe the structure of their walls, in the prenatal development of the liver. The material consisted of livers of 5 embryos and 25 fetuses of different gestational age, sorted by trimesters. In addition to the classical HE method, tissue sections were stained with immunohistochemical methods for the identification of endothelial cells (CD31, CD34, D2-40, LYVE-1), smooth muscle cells (α-smooth muscle actin), pericytes (CD146) and extracellular matrix components (collagen I, III, IV, and laminin) of blood and lymph vessels and synaptophysin for nerves. By the morphometric analyses, it was determined the values of volume and numerical areal density of blood and lymph vessels of the liver. The results of the study show qualitative and quantitative changes regarding the representation of different types of cells and components of the extracellular matrix of the walls of the blood and lymph vessels in the liver during prenatal development. Different phenotypes of endothelial cells of sinusoids have been demonstrated in relation to endothelial of portal and collecting blood venous and lymph vessels, determined on the basis of differences in CD34 and LYVE-1 immunoreactivity. Special attention is dedicated to the distinction between periportal sinusoids and terminal portal venules, which is a novelty in the interpretation of the developmental characteristics of the blood vessels of the human liver.