Analiza kvaliteta života i psiholoških karakteristika ratnih veterana oboleleih od hroničnog posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja
Analysis of quality of life and psychological characteristics in war weterans suffering from chronic posttraumatic stress disorder
Author
Milenković, TatjanaMentor
Jovanović, AleksandarCommittee members
Lakić, AnetaMilovanović, Srđan
Janjić, Vladimir
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Show full item recordAbstract
Posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP) se javlja kod osoba izloženih ekstremno
stresogenim traumatskim događajima kada je osoba doživela, bila očevidac ili bila
suočena sa događajem ili događajima koji obuhvataju aktuelnu ili preteću smrt ili
ozbiljnu povredu, ili ugroženost fizičkog integriteta sebe ili drugih, pri čemu se kao
odgovor na pomenutoiskustvo javljaju intenzivan strah i doživljaj bespomoćnosti ili
užasa.
Tipični simptomi PTSP-a se mogu razvrstati u tri sindroma: a) sindrom nametanja
(ponovno proživljavanje traumatskog iskustva putem intruzivnih sećanja ili snova), b)
sindrom izbegavanja (izbegavanje aktivnosti i situacija koje podsećaju na traumu.
osećanje emocionalne praznine i odvojenosti od ljudi) i c) sindrom uzbuđenja (teškoće
sa spavanjem, kontrolom ljutnje i besa, smetnje na planu pažnje i koncentracije,
pojačana pobuđenost u smislu prenaglašenih reakcija na stimuluse). Klinička slika
PTSP-a odlikuje se promenljivim tokom, za šta se pretpostavlja da je u vezi sa pr...irodom
traume. Premda se u oko dve trećine obolelih od PTSP-a tokom vremena uspostavi
kompletna remisija, kod trećine obolelih uočava se hroničan, uglavnom fluktuirajući tok
(oko deset odsto slučajeva) ili se PTSP ispoljava u supkliničkoj, oligosimptomatskoj
formi (kao tzv. parcijalni PTSP ili trajna izmena ličnosti nakon katastrofičnog iskustva)
koja i dalje utiče na svakodnevno životno funkcionisanje.
Ratni sukobi na prostoru prethodne SFRJ tokom devedestih suočila su nas sa velikim
brojem obolelih od PTSP, često komplikovanog komorbidnim poremećajima u smislu
depresije, poremećaja upotrebe psihoaktivnih supstanci ili niza somatskih poremećaja, a
mnogi od obolelih i danas ispoljavaju znake psihološkog trpljenja i imaju potrebu za
psihološkom i psihijatrijskom pomoći...
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs in people that have been exposed to
extremely stressful traumatic events they themselves experienced, have been witnessed
to or have been confronted with an event or events that involve actual or threatened
death or serious injury exposure or a severe threat to physical integrity of self or others
and as a response to the aforementioned experience arises intense fear and a sense of
helplessness or horror.
The most frequent symptoms of PTSD can be sorted into three clusters: a) intrusive
symptoms (re-experiencing of traumatic events in intrusive memories or dreams), b)
avoidance symptoms (avoiding activities and situations reminiscent of the trauma, a
feeling of emotional emptiness and alienation from other people) and c) hyper arousal
symptoms (sleep disturbances, difficulties in anger and temper control, difficulties with
attention and concentration, hyper vigilance and exaggerated startle response. Clinical
presentation of PTSD has a fluctu...ating course which is assumed to be related to the
trauma itself. Although two-thirds of patients diagnosed with PTSD have a complete
remission of the illness during long periods, about a third of the afflicted exhibits a
chronic, mostly fluctuating flow (about 10% of known cases) of the disorder. They can
also have a subclinical form with fewer, oligosymptomatic form (it is so called partial
PTSD or enduring personality change after a catastrophic experience), that still affects
their daily functioning.
Armed conflicts during the 90’s across the former SFRJ have faced us with a large
number of patients with PTSD disorder often complicated with comorbid disorders,
such as depression, substance abuse or a variety of somatic ailments with a majority of
those afflicted with PTSD still, to this day, showing signs of psychological suffering
and still displaying a visible need for psychological and psychiatric help...