Ispitivanje informisanosti, stavova i prakse ponašanja farmaceuta i pacijenata u izboru lekova koji se izdaju bez lekarskog recepta
Еxamining of awareness, attitudes and behavioral practices of pharmacists and patients in the selection of medicines that are dispensed without a medical prescription
Докторанд
Petković, StašaМентор
Milovanović, OliveraЧланови комисије
Đurić, DušanPavlović, Radiša
Marinković, Valentina
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о дисертацијиСажетак
Novi koncept lečenja koji usvajaju sve države sveta je samolečenje tj. preuzimanje
odgovornosti pojedinca za sopstveno zdravlje, za stanja koja su izražena u blažem
obliku ili za umanjenje manjih zdravstvenih tegoba. Samolečenje u sebi nosi brojne
opasnosti po zdravlje ljudi što od njih zahteva dobru informisanost o OTC
lekovima, dozi, vremenu uzimanja i nuspojavama. Zbog toga su farmaceuti u svojoj
praksi usresređeni na informisanje i terapeutski savet kojim pomažu pacijentima u
izboru OTC leka koji je za njih bezbedan i efikasan. Cilj istraživanja je da ukaže na
probleme farmaceutske prakse u prometu OTC lekova kao i procesa samolečenja, sa
aspekta zdravlja. Prema mestu susretanja farmaceuta sa reklamama OTC lekova
zapazili smo da je najveći broj (72,5%) farmaceuta reklamu videlo na televiziji,
10,6%, internetu kao i da marketing predstavnika farmaceutskih kuća kod 78,8%
farmaceuta ima umereni uticaj na njihov stav o preporuci i izdavanju lekova.
Analiza uticaja oglašavanja... OTC leka na ostvarivanje interakcije pacijent –
farmaceut, ukazala je da veći uticaj oglašavanja OTC leka rezultira većom
interakcijom sa pacijentima. Najčešći vid susretanja pacijenata sa reklamama OTC
lekova je televizija (87,5%). Kod postojanja zdravstvenih problema 37,5% pacijenata
traži savet farmaceuta, dok 26,9% kupuje lek za koji misle da će im pomoći, pri čemu
više OTC leka istovremeno uzima 16,9% pacijenata, ponekad 42,5% pacijenata.
Pacijenti se u velikom procentu (88,1%) pridržavaju uputstva za primenu OTC leka,
dok je uticaj farmaceuta na odluku pojedinaca o kupovini OTC leka zapažena kod
65% žena i 64,9% muškaraca. Pacijenti se odlučuju često o nabavci brendiranog
leka koji im savetuju članovi porodice bez konsultacija sa doktorom i to 48,8%
pacijenta sa višim i visokim i 67,6% sa srednjim obrazovanjem, a 42,1% ispitanika
se uglavnom pridržava preporuke za pravilno korišćenje leka. Prethodno iskustvo
sa efikasnim lekovima ima značajan uticaj na ponovljenu kupovinu leka kod 56%
pacijenata koji uzimaju više OTC leka istovremeno. Studija je dokaz dobre
percepcije problema sa kojima se danas susreću korisnici lekova i farmaceuti na
otvorenom tržištu OTC lekova, od velikog je značaja za javno zdravlje države, i
zahteva precizno definisanje novih smernica farmaceutske prakse kao značajnu
kariku u procesu bezbednog i efikasnog samolečenja.
A new concept of treatment adopted by all countries of the world is self-treatment, i.e. taking
individual responsibility for one's own health, for conditions that are expressed in a milder
form or for the reduction of minor health problems. Self-medication carries numerous risks
for people's health, which requires them to be well informed about OTC drugs, dosage, time
of administration and side effects. That is why pharmacists in their practice are focused on
information and therapeutic advice to help patients choose an OTC drug that is safe and
effective for them. The goal of the research is to point out the problems of pharmaceutical
practice in the trade of OTC drugs as well as the process of self-medication, from the aspect
of health. According to the place where pharmacists encountered advertisements for OTC
drugs, we noticed that the largest number (72.5%) of pharmacists saw the advertisement on
television, 10.6%, on the Internet, and that marketing by representatives ...of pharmaceutical
companies had a moderate influence on their position on the recommendation and dispensing
of drugs. Analysis of the impact of OTC drug advertising on patient-pharmacist interaction
indicated that greater impact of OTC drug advertising results in greater interaction with
patients. The most common way patients encounter OTC drug advertisements is television
(87.5%). In the presence of health problems, 37.5% of patients seek the advice of a
pharmacist, while 26.9% buy a drug that they think will help them, with 16.9% of patients
taking multiple OTC drugs at the same time, sometimes 42.5% of patients. A large
percentage (88.1%) of patients adhere to the instructions for the use of OTC drugs, while the
influence of pharmacists on the decision of individuals to purchase OTC drugs was observed
in 65% of women and 64.9% of men. Patients often decide to purchase a branded medicine
advised by family members without consulting a doctor, namely 48.8% of patients with
higher and higher education and 67.6% with secondary education, and 42.1% of respondents
mostly follow the recommendations for proper use. The previous experience with effective
drugs has a significant influence on the repeated purchase of the drug in 56% of patients who
take several OTC drugs at the same time. The study is proof of a good perception of the
problems faced today by drug users and pharmacists in the open market of OTC drugs, it is of
great importance for the public health of the country, and requires the precise definition of
new pharmaceutical practice guidelines as an important link in the process of safe and
effective self-medication.