Računovodstvene politike u funkciji kreiranja finansijskog položaja i uspešnosti poslovanja preduzeća

Abstract

Financial statements are the means by which relevant information about a company is passed on to its users. Based on the information presented in the financial statements, that is the information about the financial position and performance of the company, generated cash flows and capital, users make business decisions. Specific accounting policies serve as the basis for the preparation of quality financial statements. Since the management is responsible for the preparation and presentation of financial statements, it selects the accounting policies. Although seemingly simple, the issue of selecting the accounting policies can be extremely delicate and complex. In addition to the management, there are other stakeholders or stakeholders who may be affected by this issue. Consequently, complex relationships are generated that affect the selection of the accounting policies, and thus the quality of financial statements. The aim of the doctoral dissertation entitled "Accounting policies in the function of creating the financial position and the company business performance" is to point out the importance of selecting accounting policies and their impact on the quality and contents of financial statements. When making a decision about the selection and application of accounting policies, the company management must take into account not only the goals of the company, but also the goals of the financial statements users. The selected accounting policy affects the treatment of certain balance sheet items, which is reflected in the performance reported in the financial statements. The basic characteristics of certain accounting policies for the recognition and evaluation are presented, as well as the examples thereof. A survey about the application of accounting policies in companies in our country was conducted. The analysis points to the conclusion that companies in our country are oriented towards conservative (cautious) financial reporting.