Optimizacija termičkih i hidrauličkih parametara transporta sirove nafte cevima

Abstract

U disertaciji su prikazani rezultati eksperimentalnog istraživanja i simulacije parametara transporta sirove nafte cevima. U Srbiji 70 % proizvedene nafte pripada parafinskom tipu, od čega je preko 25 % nafte sa visokim sadržajem parafina. Nafte sa visokim sadržajem parafina, obično imaju visoku tačku stinjavanja. Fizička svojstva sirove nafte se modifikuju zagrevanjem kako bi se sprečio nastanak voska unutar naftovoda. Zagrevanjem nafte, smanjuje se viskoznost, kao i gubici pritiska na trenje pri transportu cevima. Takođe je analiziran uticaj promene temperature zagrevanja sirove nafte, viskoznosti i protoka, na pad pritiska, snagu pumpe i brzinu hlađenja nafte na celokupnoj trasi naftovoda.

The Ph.D. Thesis presents results of experimental research and simulation of the main parameters of crude oil pipeline transport. In Serbia, 70 % of the produced oil belongs to a paraffin type, of which over 25 % has a high content of paraffin. High ‒ content paraffin oil usually has a high pour point. Heating induces modification of crude oil physical properties, especially flow properties so to prevent wax formation within the oil pipeline. By heating, the viscosity of crude oil was reduced, as well as the friction pressure losses during pipeline transport. It was also analyzed the influence of changes in crude oil heating temperature, viscosity and flow, on pressure drop, pump power and oil cooling rate on the entire pipeline route.