Inovirani arhitektonsko-urbanistički modeli za unapređenje kvaliteta socijalnog stanovanja u Srbiji

Abstract

Social housing, which, due to its physical characteristics, would be able to provide not just adequate physical, but also psychosocial development of its users, is the only sustainable model for the development of this type of housing. This is especially important in the less developed countries, where the positive social potential of social housing development is almost invisible. Sustainable social housing should respond to the most complex, and often very specific, needs of its users, both in terms of the quality of the housing units and its immediate residential surroundings. The right to equality is only the first step towards the development of a sustainable social housing. The size of the dwelling unit, its spatial organization, the quality of the living environment and its visual aspect shouldn’t in any way affect the discrimination and exclusion of social housing and its users. In addition, considering that social housing facilities are used by different types of socially vulnerable categories, the architectural and urban planning approach should minimize the problems of limited mobility and the lack of financial resources that decrees some aspects of housing quality. The aim of this research is to improve the methodology of architectural and urban planning and design of social housing units in order to ensure their functional and social sustainability. The research gives the definition of a reference spatial framework for the development of this type of housing upon which the relevant architectural and urban criteria are formulated. The defined criteria relate to the structural, functional and design characteristics of social housing facilities. As the research is limited to the micro-level of planning - the level of the plot - three characteristic spatial levels are recognized: the level of the urban structure (plot), the level of the architectural structure and the level (building) of the housing unit (dwellings). By defining a multi-criteria model, it is possible to analyze the quality of social housing facilities and dwellings, particularly the domestic model framework. Its implementation allows to observe the potential spatial performance of future social housing objects, as well as the valorization of the achieved quality of built-up areas of this type. The synthesis of the research results defines the directions for improving the domestic model of social housing, through the development of design guidelines, recommendations for regulation correction and development of the pilot project.