Elektro-mehanički model kohlee i analiza odziva modela
Electro-machanical cochlea model and response analysis
Author
Nikolić, Milica
Mentor
Filipović, Nenad
Committee members
Jovičić, Gordana
Peulić, Aleksandar

Rakić, Dragan

Dunić, Vladimir

Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Pravilan rad svih čula omogućava čoveku normalno funkcionisanje u sredini koja ga
okružuje. Oštećenje ili gubitak čula sluha otežava svakodnevni život, smanjuje
mogućnosti za rad i društveni život i može dovesti osobu u stanje depresije. Gubitak
sluha može biti posledica različitih uzroka, oštećenja različitih delova uva ili
auditornih nerava. Poboljšanje sluha je najčešće moguće ostvariti primenom slušnih
aparata i slušnih implanata. U zavisnosti od stepena i vrste oštećenja predlaže se
odgovarajući implant – pasivni ili aktivni, kohlearni ili implant srednjeg uva,
implant koji radi na principu provođenja zvuka kroz vazduh ili zvuka kroz temporalnu
kost. Iako doprinose poboljšanju sluha svi implanti se ugrađuju operativnim putem
što nosi dozu rizika.
O čulu sluha se zna dosta i opet nedovoljno. O uvu, kao organu čula sluha, se zna dosta o
njegovoj strukturi i funkciji. Kohlea, koja čini deo unutrašnjeg uva, ima složenu
strukturu i dosta procesa se odvija unutar nje. Proble...m sa izučavanjem kohlee se ogleda u
tome što je teško prikupiti eksperimentalne podatke. Kohlea je smeštena duboko u
lobanji, gotovo nepristupačna i velika je verovatnoća da će doći do oštećenja prilikom
merenja na živom pacijentu. Na taj način eksperimentalni pristup je veoma ograničen. S
druge strane, kohlea brzo gubi svoja svojstva po nastupanju smrti, tako da nije moguć u
velikoj meri ni rad na mrtvim kohleama. Zbog toga kompjutersko modeliranje kohlee i
analiza odziva imaju veliku ulogu u ovoj oblasti istraživanja.
Cilj ove teze je razvoj mehaničkih i elektro-mehaničkih modela kohlee koji opisuju
normalno funkcionisanje kohlee i omogućavaju analizu odziva – posmatranje promene
odziva sa promenom izvesnih parametara. Dovođenje u vezu uzroka oštećenja sa njegovom
posledicom, odnosno promenom odgovarajućeg parametra koji utiče na oštećenje sluha,
omogućava primenu modela u praksi. Modeliranje kohlee ima za cilj i utvrđivanje
postojanja određenih signala koji ukazuju na oštećenje i predlog načina merenja. Na ovaj
način je ustanovljena kohlearna mikrofonija i pojava otoakustičnih emisija koje se
koriste za detektovanje čula sluha kod novorođenih beba. Modeli kohlee mogu da
doprinesu i poboljšanju karakteristika slušnih implanata i njihovom boljem
pozicioniranju.
U ovom radu su predstavljeni mehanički i elektro-mehanički modeli kohlee koji su
rešavani metodom konačnih elemenata i kao modeli u prostoru stanja. Prikazani su
osnovni odzivi, izvršeno je poređenje sa određenim eksperimentalnim merenjima i
rezultatima drugih modela iz literature i data je analiza dobijenih odziva. Dalji rad na
razvoju ovih modela mogao bi da vodi do njihove primene u pretkliničkoj praksi, a
nastavak istraživanja je usmeren na primenu u oblasti slušnih implanata.
Proper work of human senses allows normal functioning in the surrounding environment.
Damage or hearing loss makes difficult everyday life, decreases possibilities for work and social
life and can bring person to the state of depression. Hearing loss can be consequence of different
causes, damage of different part of the ear or auditory nerves. Hearing improvement is usually
possible to accomplish by applying hearing aids and hearing implants. In dependence of the level
and type of damage certain implant is suggested – passive or active, cochlear or middle ear
implant, implant that works on principle of air conduction of sound or bone conduction of sound,
through the temporal bone. Although all implants contribute to improving of hearing, they are
implanted during the surgery, which carrying a dose of risk.
About hearing sense is known a lot of, but yet not enough. About ear, as organ of hearing sense,
is known a lot about his structure and function. Cochlea, which makes part... of the inner ear, has
complex structure and a lot of processes are happening inside her. Problem with cochlear
research is that it is hard to collect experimental data. Cochlea is placed deep inside the skull,
almost unreachable and there is great possibility that it will be harmed during the experimental
measurement on alive human. On that way experimental approach is very limited. On the other
side, cochlea quickly loses its properties after death occurs, so it is not possible in larger scale to
work with dead cochlea. That is the reason why computer modeling of cochlea and response
analysis have great role in this research area.
The goal of this thesis is to develop mechanical and electro-mechanical cochlea models which
describe proper functioning of the cochlea and allow response analysis – observation of the
response change with change of certain parameters. By combining cause of damage with his
consequence, namely change of the certain parameter which has influence on hearing damage,
model can be applied in practice. Modeling of cochlea has as one of the goal to establish
existence of certain signals which pointing on damage and to propose way of signals
measurement. On this way were established cochlear microphonic and appearance of otoacoustic
emissions which are used for detection of hearing in newborn babies. Cochlea models can
contribute in improvement of characteristics of hearing implants and their better positioning.
In this work are presented mechanical and electro-mechanical cochlea models which were solved
with finite element method and as models in state space representation. Most common responses
are shown, comparison with specific experimental measurements and with results from other
models from literature are performed and analysis of obtained responses is given. Further work
on development of these models could lead to their application in preclinical practice, while
future investigations in this area are directed to application in area of hearing implants.
Faculty:
Универзитет у Крагујевцу, Факултет инжењерских наукаDate:
19-09-2017Keywords:
kohlea / cochlea / model konačnih elemenata / model u prostoru stanja / analiza odziva / finite element model / state space model / resposnse analysisRelated items
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