Modeliranje upravljanja performansama i podrške odlučivanju u tehnološkim inkubatorima primenom metoda računarske inteligencije

Abstract

Predmet ovog rada je identifikacija uticajnih faktora i seta ključnih indikatora performansi (eng. Key Performance Indicators – KPIs), koji će poslužiti kao polaz za modeliranje i rangiranje različitih poslovnih procesa unutar poslovnih inkubatora, naročito sa aspekta kvaliteta. Na osnovu definisanog modela rangiranih performansi razvijen je alat za podršku odlučivanju koji, sa jedne strane, treba da omogući kvalitetnije i uspešnije upravljanje poslovnim inkubatorima, a da sa druge da smanji ranjivost poslovnih inkubatora, poveća adaptivni kapacitet, kao i kvalitet procesa i kvalitet poslovnih performansi. Na osnovu novog razvijenog sistema projektovano je i realizovano softversko rešenje, odnosno sistem za podršku odlučivanju i ocenu perfomansi u poslovnim inkubatorima. Na osnovu toga ostvarena je validacija, verifikacija i praćenje rezultata poređenjem razvijenih sistema dostupnih u poslovnim inkubatorima zapadnog Balkana. Dobijeni razultati koji su predstavljeni u ovoj disertaciji imaju dvostruku primenu. Prva primena jeste teorijski prikaz koji se odnosi na kreiranje novih metoda i softverskih rešenja, preko teorijskog matematičkog modela što opisuje uticaj ulaznih performansi na funkcionisanje, izlaze i ishode poslovnih inkubatora. Drugi segment primene jeste aplikativni praktični prikaz u kome se dobijeni rezultati koriste u praktičnom razvoju softverskog alata (unapređenjem upravljanja kvalitetom i ciljevima kvaliteta u poslovnim inkubatorima). Dobijeni rezultati naročito su važni za funkcionisanje inkubatora u zemljama u razvoju, gde je i sam inkubacioni proces u ranoj fazi razvoja, tako da softversko rešenje, pravilnim postavljanjem organizacione strategije, umnogome može da pomogne ne samo u procesu donošenja odluka, već i uopšteno u svakodnevnom operativnom funkcionisanju poslovnih inkubatora. Sprovedeno istraživanje obuhvatilo je 18 poslovnih inkubatora na teritoriji zapadnog Balkana. Zasniva se na upitnicima koje su popunjavali menadžeri i donosioci odluka posmatranih inkubatora. Rezultati istraživanja mogu se iskoristiti kao osnova za uspostavljanje složenijih sistema podrške odlučivanju. Obrada rezultata i testiranje modela izvršeni su primenom softverskog rešenja poslovne inteligencije razvijenog u MATLab okruženju. Testiranjem modela i softverskog rešenja potvrđene su postavljene hipoteze i uočen je prostor za dalja unapređenja što je predstavljeno u zaključnim razmatranjima doktorske disertacije.

The subject of this study was to identify influential factors and a set of performances i.e. key performance indicators-KPIs, which will serve as the starting point for modeling and ranking of various business processes within the business incubators, especially in terms of quality. On the basis of the defined model of ranked performances a decision support tool was developed that should enable better and more effective management of business incubators on the one hand, and on the other hand reduce the vulnerability of business incubators, increase adaptive capacity and the quality of processes and the quality of business performance. Based on the newly developed system, a software solution is designed and implemented, that is a decision support system and assessment of performances in business incubators. On that basis validation, verification and monitoring of the results is achieved by comparing the developed system of business incubators available in the Western Balkans. The obtained results that are presented in this thesis have a dual application. The first application is a theoretical view that refers to the creation of new methods and software solutions, through a theoretical mathematical model that describes the impact of input performances on functioning, outputs and outcomes of business incubators. The second segment of application is applied practical demonstrations in which the results obtained also have application through practical development of software tools (through improvement of quality management and quality objectives in business incubators). Achieved results are particularly important for the functioning of the incubators in developing countries where the development of the incubation processes is still in the early stage status so that proper setting of organizational strategy, a software solution can greatly help not only in the decision-making process, but generally in the day to day operational functioning of business incubators. The research included 18 business incubators in the Western Balkans region and is based on questionnaires completed by managers and decision-makers in selected incubators. The research results can be used as a basis for the establishment of more complex decision support systems. Data analysis and model testing were carried out by the application of business intelligence software solution developed in MATLab environment. Model and software solution testing confirmed the set hypotheses and room for further improvements has been noted, which are presented in the concluding observations of the doctoral dissertation.