Tip zavisnosti i odnos dimenzija ličnosti kod žena zavisnih od psihoaktivnih supstanci

Abstract

Uvod: Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitivanje veze između tipa zavisnosti (zavisnost od alkohola i zavisnost od opijata) i dimenzija ličnosti kod žena zavisnih od psihoaktivnih supstanci u našoj sredini. Inostrana istraživanja sve više su usmerena na specifičnosti zavisnosti kod žena koja je dugo bila zanemarivana u istraživačkoj praksi. Dimenzije ličnosti definisane su na osnovu savremenih psiholoških teoretskih modela - Petofaktorskog model ličnosti P. Costae i R. McCraea i Psihobiološkog modela ličnosti R. Cloningera. Metodologija: Uzorak su sačinjavale tri grupe ispitanica: žene zavisne od alkohola, žene zavisne od opijata i kontrolna grupa ispitanica. Instrumenti: upitnik zasnovan na Petofaktorskom modelu ličnosti (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Personality Inventory-Revised; NEO PI-R), upitnik zasnovan na Psihobiološkom modelu ličnosti (The Temperament and Character Inventory-5-Revisited; TCI-R). U istraživanju su korišćeni i upitnik za procenu mehanizama odbrane (Defensive Style Questionnaire, the 40-item version; DSQ-40) kao i upitnik sa sociodemografskim podacima da bi se ispitala veza određenih varijabli sa dimenzijama ličnosti ispitanica zavisnih od alkohola, odnosno opijata. Da bi se dobile dodatne relevantne informacije o razlikama u tipovima zavisnosti od alkohola i opijata kod žena zavisnih od psihoaktivnih supstanci korišćen je Indeks težine zavisnosti, verzija 2.9; ITZ 2.9. Rezultati: Najvažniji rezultati ovog istraživanja tiču se podataka o očekivanim razlikama u dimenzijama ličnosti ispitanica zavisnih od alkohola, odnosno opijata proveravanim kroz oba primenjivana teorijska modela. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u pogledu neurotskih i nezrelih mehanizama odbrane ispitanica zavisnih od alkohola, opijata i kontrolne grupe. Istraživanje je dalo nalaze o prediktivnoj vrednosti primenjenih modela ličnosti koji govore da oba modela imaju pribiližno slične prediktivne potencijale...

Introduction: The aim of this research is the examination of relations between the types of addictions (alcohol addiction and opiate addiction) and personality dimensions among women in our community who are addicted to psychoactive substances. International research is increasingly directed towards the specifics of addictions among women that has been long neglected in the research practice. The personality dimensions have been defined based on modern psychological theory models – Five Factor Personality Model by P. Costae and R.McCrea and Psychobiological Personality Model of R. Cloninger. Methodology: The sample included three groups of respondents: women addicted to alcohol, women addicted to opiates and control group of respondents. Instruments: questionnaire based on the Five Factor Personality Model (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Personality Inventory – Revised; NEP-PI-R), questionnaire based on Psychobiological Personality Model (The Temperament and Character Inventory-5-Revisited; TCI-R). The research also used the questionnaire for assessment of defense mechanism (Defensive Style Questionnaire, the 40-item version; DSQ-40), as well as the questionnaire with socio-demographic data to examine the connection of certain variables with personality dimensions of respondents addicted to alcohol and respondents addicted to opiates. The Addiction Severity Index, version 2.9; ITZ 2.9 was used to receive additional relevant information about the differences in types of addiction from alcohol and opiates among women addicted to psychoactive substances, by applying both theoretical models. Significant statistical difference was established about the neurotic and immature defense mechanisms with respondents addicted to alcohol, those addicted to opiates and the control group. Results: The most important results of this research regard the data on expected differences in personality dimensions of respondents addicted to alcohol and respondents addicted to opiates, verified through both applied theoretical models. The research provided findings on predictable value of applied personality models which show that both models have close predictive potentials...