Hegelov i Aristotelov pojam filozofije o praktičkom

Abstract

U radu nastojimo da pokažemo da Hegelovi pojmovi spekulativne logike, povesti i objektivnog duha omogućuju da se u potpunosti shvati Aristotelov pojam praktičkog i njegovo razvijanje. Aristotelova praktčka filozofija bivstvo praktičkog dovodi do pojma=logosa, te vladajući pojam=logos praktičkih stvari, koji nije izvan onog alogičkog=žudnje, omogućuje delatnost=energeiju praktičkog. Pojam=logos praktičkog u Aristotela stoga nema teorijski i retrospektivni karakter u samom praktičkom kako to izvodi hermeneutička filozofija, već upravo jeste suština praktičkog odnošenja koju izlaže i ističe Aristotelova praktička filozofija. Spekulativni pojam onog praktičnog je tačka jedinstva Aristotelove i Hegelove filozofije. Hegel u pojmu političke=unutrašnje države kao običajnosnog organizma prevladava uz očuvanje Aristotelov logos entelehije polisa=pojam dejstvenosti grada-države. Razlika Aristotelove i Hegelove filozofije o praktičkom je povesna, sistemska i logička. Povesna razlika leži u Hegelovom situiranju modernog principa subjektivnosti kao prava posebnosti subjekta na zadovoljenje u pojam građanskog društva sistema filozofije prava, te u sledstvenom specifičnom podruštvljenju kako privatne sfere tako i sfere države. Logička razlika leži u Hegelovom određenju ideje praktičkog saznanja=ideje objektivnog duha i apsolutne ideje u sistemu spekulativne logike.

In the paper we are trying to show that Hegel's concepts of speculative logic, history and objective spirit are enabling us to fully understand Aristotle's concept of practical and its development. Aristotle’s practical philosophy brings the being of practical down to the concept=logos, and the ruling concept=logos, that is not beyond the a-logical=desire, enables the effectiveness=energy of the practical. Therefore, with Aristotle, the concept=logos of practical does not have a historical and retrospective nature in the practical itself the way hermeneutic philosophy derives it, but it is the very essence of the practical relation proposed and accented by Aristotle’s philosophy of practical. Speculative concept of the practical is the point of unity between Aristotle’s and Hegel’s philosophy. Hegel, in the concept of political=inner state as ethical life overrules with retention Aristotle’s logos of polis entelechy=concept of the effectiveness of the city-state. The difference between Aristotle’s and Hegel’s philosophy on practical is historical, systematic and logical. The historical difference is in Hegel’s placement of modern principle of subjectivity as the right of one’s individuality to satisfaction into the concept of civil system of the philosophy of right, and in the specific consequential socialization as both a private affair and a state one. Logical difference is in the Hegel’s specification of the idea of practical cognition=idea of the objective spirit and an absolute idea in the system of speculative logic.