Morfološko-anatomska karakterizacija i evaluacija kolekcije germplazme vinogradarske breskve [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]
Morphological and anatomical characterisation and evaluation of a vineyard peach germplasm collection [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]
Author
Bakić, Ivana V.Mentor
Nikolić, Dragan
Committee members
Rakonjac, Vera
Čolić, Slavica
Fotirić-Akšić, Milica

Zec, Gordan

Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Istraživanjima u okviru ove doktorske disertacije na osnovu većeg broja kvalitativnih
i kvantitativnih osobina izvršena je morfološko-anatomska karakterizacija i evaluacija
75 genotipova vinogradarske breskve u okviru kolekcije oglednog dobra “Radmilovac”,
Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Beogradu. Istraživanja su obuhvatila i analizu varijabilnosti
i korelacione povezanosti osobina, a sve u cilju izdvajanja perspektivnih genotipova sa
akcentom na stonu potrošnju. Karakteristike fenofaze cvetanja i sazrevanja, anatomske
karakteristike lista, broj zametnutih i ubranih plodova, biohemijski sastav ploda i
organoleptička ocena svežih plodova utvrđeni su metodama standardnim za ovu vrstu
istraživanja, dok su morfološke karakteristike pojedinih organa utvrđene merenjem ili
ocenjivanjem pomoću UPOV i ECPGR deskriptora za breskvu.
Ispitivana kolekcija vinogradarske breskve pokazala se kao značajan genofond sa
visokim stepenom varijabilnosti osobina. Među ispitivanim genotipovima ispoljile su se
veo...ma značajne razlike u pogledu vremena cvetanja i sazrevanja, bujnosti stabla,
rodnosti, krupnoće i kvaliteta plodova. U ispitivanoj kolekciji genetička varijansa je
dominirala u ukupnoj varijabilnosti vremena sazrevanja plodova kao i osobina stabla
(visina stabla, visina krune, prečnik krune, visina debla, obim debla), grančice (dužina i
debljina grančice), lista (dužina i širina liske, indeks oblika liske, površina liske), cveta
(prečnik cveta, dužina i širina kruničnih listića, indeks oblika kruničnih listića, broj
prašnika, dužina i širina antere, dužina tučka) i ploda (masa koštice, sadržaj rastvorljive
suve materije, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina i ukupnih šećera, izgled ploda, ukus ploda i
ukupna senzorna ocena). To znači da su ove osobine strogo ili u velikoj meri pod
kontrolom genotipa i da kao takve predstavljaju merodavni prikaz ispitivane kolekcije,
na osnovu kojih se može sa većom pouzdanošću vršiti dalja selekcija sa ciljem
povećanja rodnosti i poboljšanja kvaliteta ploda...
The research for this doctoral dissertation was based on a large number of
qualitative and quantitative traits of the vineyard peach and it comprised morphological
and anatomical characterization and evaluation of 75 vineyard peach genotypes within a
collection of the “Radmilovac” Experimental Station of the Belgrade Faculty of
Agriculture. The research also comprised the analysis of variability and correlation of
traits in order to select prominent genotypes, particularly genotypes suitable for fresh
consumption. Flowering and maturity traits, anatomic traits of peach leaves, fruit set
and number of harvested fruits, biochemical composition and an organoleptic evaluation
of fresh fruits were determined with standard methods for this type of research, whereas
morphological traits of certain organs were determined after measuring or evaluation
with UPOV and ECPGR descriptors for peach.
The studied collection of the vineyard peach was proved to be a significant genepool
with high variabi...lity of traits. Among the studied genotypes there were very
significant differences in time of flowering and maturity, tree vigour, yielding, fruit size
and quality. The genetic variance dominated the total variability of fruit maturity time,
as well as tree traits (tree height, canopy height, canopy diameter, trunk height, trunk
volume), traits of shoot (shoot length and thickness), leaf (leaf length and width, shape
index, leaf area), flower (flower diameter, petal length and width, petal shape index,
number of stamens, anther length and width, pistil length) and traits of fruit (stone
weight, soluble dry matter content, total acids and total sugars, fruit appearance, taste
and an overall sensory mark). It means that these traits are fully or to a large extent
controlled by genotype. Hence they give a reliable overview of the collection, based on
which further selection for better yields and better quality can be done more accurately...