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Rečna mrena (Barbus barbus) kao bioindikator zagađenja rečnih sedimenata metalima

Common barbel (Barbus barbus ) as a bioindicator of river sediment pollution with metals

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Author
Morina, Arian G.
Mentor
Krpo-Ćetković, Jasmina
Committee members
Đikanović, Vesna
Krpo-Ćetković, Jasmina
Spasić, Slađana
Rašković, Božidar
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Abstract
Metali spadaju među značajne zagađivače akvatičnih ekosistema, s obzirom na njihovu stabilnost u ekosistemu i transport kroz lanac ishrane. Rečni sedimenti mogu deponovati visoke koncentracije metala, a brojni akvatični organizmi koriste sediment za različite potrebe u različitim fazama svog životnog ciklusa. U ovom radu analizirane su ukupna i dostupna frakcija 15 elemenata u površinskim sedimentima Dunava, Zapadne Morave i Južne Morave, u tri sezone 2012. godine (april, jul, novembar), na tri različite dubine sedimenta (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm), uz upotrebu optičke emisione spektrometrije sa induktivno spregnutom plazmom (ICP-OES). Koncentracije elemenata utvrđene su i u tkivima rečne mrene (Barbus barbus) uzorkovane iz sve tri analizirane reke, i to u mišiću, škrgama, jetri i crevu. Analiza koncentracije metala obuhvatila je i intestinalnog parazita Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) izolovanom iz mrene iz Dunava. Histološke analize urađene su u cilju utvrđivanja promena na šk...rgama i jetri mrene iz Dunava i Južne Morave. Za dodatnu analizu elemenata u sedimentu Zapadne Morave, u tkivima mrene iz Dunava, kao i u parazitu P. laevis, korišćena je skenirajuća elektronska mikroskopija sa energodisperzivnom spektroskopijom (SEM-EDS). Statistička analiza i trofaktorska MANOVA pokazale su postojanje značajnih razlikau veličini čestica sedimenta, prosečnoj koncentraciji elemenata i sezonskim promenama u koncentraciji elemenata između tri posmatrane reke. Koncentracije Cu i Ni u Zapadnoj Moravi i Dunavu bile su veće od maksimalno dozvoljenih koncentracija (MDK) za sediment u Republici Srbiji, dok je koncentracija Hg bila veća od MDK u sve tri reke. Koncentracije Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn i Zn varirale su između sezona u Zapadnoj Moravi i Dunavu, sa najvećim vrednostima u letnjem periodu. U Južnoj Moravi varirale su koncentracije Al, As, Fe, Mn i Zn sa najmanjim koncentracijama u letnjem periodu. Zapadna Morava je sadržala najveće količine finih čestica u svom sedimentu, dok se najveći deo sedimenta Južne Morave sastojao od čestica peska...

Metals are listed among the most important pollutants in aquatic ecosystems due to their stability and mobility through the food webs. River sediments can contain high concentrations of metals, and various aquatic organisms use sediments for various requirements in different stages of their life cycle. In this research, total and bioavailable concentrations of 15 elements in surface sediments of three rivers – the Danube, the Zapadna Morava, and the Južna Morava, were analyzed during three seasons in 2012 (April, July, November), at three different sediment depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm), using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Element concentrations were also determined in 4 tissues of the common barbel (Barbus barbus) sampled from all three rivers (muscle, gills, intestine, and liver). Element analysis was further carried out on barbel intestinal parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala), collected from the Danube River. Histological analys...es of gills and liver from fish collected from the Danube and the Južna Morava was performed with the purpose of determining any tissue alterations. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used for in-depth grain analysis of the Zapadna Morava sediments, as well as tissue and parasite P. laevis analyses of elements in barbel sampled from the Danube River. Statistical analysis and three-way MANOVA showed significant differences in sediment grain size, average element concentration, and seasonal element concentration in the three rivers. Concentrations of Cu and Ni in the Zapadna Morava River and the Danube River were above the maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) of elements in river sediments for the Republic of Serbia, while Hg concentration was above the MAC in all three observed rivers. Concentrations of Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn varied between seasons in the Zapadna Morava and the Danube, with the highest values during the summer season. Concentrations of Al, As, Fe, Mn, and Zn varied between seasons in the Južna Morava, with the lowest values during the summer season...

Faculty:
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology
Date:
30-12-2016
Keywords:
ukupni i dostupni metali / total and available metals / sediment / Dunav / Zapadna Morava / Južna Morava / rečna mrena / mišić / jetra / škrge / creva / intestinalni paraziti / sediment / the Danube / the Zapadna Morava / the Južna Morava / common barbel / muscle / liver / gills / intestine / intestinal parasites
[ Google Scholar ]
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=4834
http://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/7948
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:15161/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=1025149362

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