Prve verzije Lanselota u prozi iz XIII veka i poetika francuskog srednjovekovnog romana

Abstract

Predmet našeg proučavanja su najstarije verzije tekstova francuskog proznog romana o Lanselotu iz XIII veka. Tekstove ciklusa Lanselot-Gral ili Vulgata, pored Lanselota, čine romani Istorija Svetog Grala i Merlin, koji mu po smislu prethode, kao i Potraga za Svetim Gralom i Smrt kralja Artura, koji zatvaraju ciklus. O hronološkom redosledu nastajanja pojedinačih romana unutar ciklusa nije postignut konsenzus u naučnim krugovima. U savremenoj medievalistici postoje dve kontroverzne teorije o Lanselotu. Po prvoj, Lanselot pripada ciklusu Vulgata a samu cikličnu verziju predstavljaju dve osnovne varijante, duga i kratka, uz jednu posebnu. Ova teorija ne poriče postojanje i jedne neciklične verzije ovog romana, ali se tvrdi da je pomenuta verzija nastala po uzoru na cikličnu. Predstavnici druge teorije tvrde da postoje dve verzije ovog romana, cilkična i neciklična, kao i da je neciklična verzija jedna faza elaboracije ciklične. Odnosi između navedenih dveju verzija, još uvek nisu dovoljno razjašnjeni, uprkos tome što istraživanja ove problematike traju nešto više od jednog veka. U našem radu smo preispitali teoriju o cikličnoj verziji i njenim varijantama, hipoteze ovih dveju teorija o necikličnoj verziji naspram ciklične, kao i upotrebu pojmova „verzije“ i „varijante“...

This doctoral thesis deals with the earliest versions of the texts of the medieval French prose Lancelot dating from the 13th century. Apart from Lancelot, the texts of the Lancelot-Grail or the Vulgate Cycle include The History of the Holy Grail and Merlin - which precede the prose Lancelot in the logical sense - as well as The Quest of the Holy Grail and The Death of Arthur, which close the cycle. A common consensus on the chronological order of creation of particular romances within the cycle has not been achieved by scholars. Today’s medievalists propose two controversial theories about Lancelot. According to the first, the Lancelot is part of the Vulgate Cycle and the cyclic version is represented by the two major versions - a long and a short one – plus a special version. This theory does not deny the existence of another, non-cyclic version, but its proponents claim that it derives from the cyclic version. The second theory holds that there are two versions of the romance and that the non-cyclic one is a phase in the elaboration of the cyclic version. The relations between the two versions are not yet completely clarified, even though the research of the issue has been going on for more than a century. In this dissertation we have analyzed the theory of the cyclic versions and its variants, the hypothesis of the two theories based upon the cyclic version versus the non-cyclic version, as well as the use of terms “version“ and “variant“...