Karakterisanje hemijskog sastava sedimenta bokokotorskog zaliva korišćenjem energetski disperzivne rendgenske fluorescentne spektrometrije (ED-HRF)
Author
Tanaskovski, Bojan M.Mentor
Stanković, SlavkaCommittee members
Rajaković, LjubinkaStojanović, Mirjana

Jović, Mihajlo

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Show full item recordAbstract
Prostorna raspodela glavnih oksida (Na2O, K2O, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO,
MnO, TiO2, P2O5) i velikog broja elemenata (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Pb, Sn, Sb, Ba,
Sr, Br, Rb, Zr, Mo, Cs, Y, V, Ga, La, U, Th, Nb, W, Sc, Ge, Gd, Yb, Hf i Ce) u
uzorcima površinskog sedimenta Bokokotorskog zaliva odreĊena je merenjem njihovih
koncentracija primenom metode energetski disperzivne rendgenske fluorescentne
spektrometrije (ED-XRF) na osnovu prethodno determinisanog sadrţaja organske
materije i karbonata u ispitivanim uzorcima površinskog sedimenta. Optimalni uslovi
primene i promenljive ED-XRF metode za ispitivane okside i elemente odreĊeni su
korišćenjem pet standardnih referentnih materijala. OdreĊen je tip i kvalitet površinskog
sedimenta (aluminosilikatni ili karbonatni; kao i nezagaĊeni ili zagaĊeni).
Ovim ispitivanjem utvrĊeno je da karbonatni tip sedimenta karakterišu veoma
visoke koncentracije Sr, Sc, La, Nb, Hf i Yb.
TakoĊe je utvrĊeno prisustvo negativne Ce-anomalije (fenomena koji ...karakteriše
vrlo niska koncentracija Ce u sedimentu u odnosu na sve ostale retke zemne elemente)
za razliku od aluminosilikatnog tipa sedimenta.
Ispitivani površinski sedimenti klasifikovani su kao nezagaĊeni ili zagaĊeni na
osnovu Faktora obogaćenja (EF), Kontaminacionog faktora (CF), Indeksa opterećenja
zagaĊenjem (PLI), Indeksa zagaĊenja elementima (EPI) i Geoakumulacionog indeksa
(Igeo). Ovi parametri su izraĉunati na osnovu literaturnih podataka o elementarnom
nivou analiziranih elemenata u sedimentnim stenama, ili „background”-vrednosti. Na
osnovu vrednosti po smernicama za kvaltiet sedimenta (SQG) od strane USEPA praćen
je negativan uticaj elemenata na morske organizme.
Na osnovu izraĉunatih indeksa i faktora vezanih za zagaĊenje površinskog
sedimenta u zalivu, procenjena je zagaĊenost površinskog sedimenta koja se menja od
nezagaĊenog do jako zagaĊenog, u zavisnosti od primenjenih vrednosti „background”-a
ispitivanih elemenata u proraĉunima. Na osnovu indeksa i faktora zagaĊenja ne mogu se
izvršiti potpune procene zagaĊenja...
The spatial distribution of major oxides (Na2O, K2O, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO,
MnO, TiO2, P2O5) and numerous elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Pb, Sn, Sb, Ba,
Sr, Br, Rb, Zr, Mo, Cs, Y, V, Ga, La, U, Th, Nb, W, Sc,Ge, Gd, Yb, Hf, and Ce) was
determined by using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRF) on
the basis of previously measured content of organic matter and carbonates in the
investigated surface sediments of the Bay. The optimal measuring variables for the
investigated oxides and elements were determined by using five standard reference
materials. Based on measurements of ED-XRF method were determined by the type and
quality of surface sediment (aluminosilicate or carbonated; and unpolluted or polluted).
Oxides, minor and rare earth elements were measured for the first time in surface
sediments at twelve locations in the Bay by ED-XRF technique.
In this research found that the carbonated sediment type is characterized by very
high concentrations Sr, S...c, La, Nb, Hf, and Yb. It was also found the presence of
negative Ce-anomaly (the phenomenon in which the concentration of Ce in the sediment
rather small compared to all the other rare earth elements) as opposed to , unlike the
aluminosilicate type of sediment.
Sediments were classified as non-polluted or polluted by counting Enrichment
Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Element Pollution
Index (EPI) and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo). These parameters were calculated on
the basis of literature data on the elementary level of the analyzed elements in
sedimentary rocks, or "background"-values. Based on the literature elemental
background level of the analyzed elements or on the sediment quality guidelines (SQG)
of USEPA followed possible negative impact on marine organisms. On the basis of the
calculated indexes and factors related to the pollution of surface sediments in the Bay,
the assessment of sediment pollution of surface changing from unpolluted to very
polluted, depending on the applied values of „background” tested elements in the
calculations