Uticaj znanja i stavova žena o karcinomu grlića materice i papa testu na njihovu participaciju u skriningu

Abstract

Karcinom grlića materice predstavlja jedan od vodećih javno-zdravstvenih problema u Srbiji. Cilj istraživanja bio je da ispita uticaj znanja i stavova žena o KGM-u i PAPA testu na njihovu participaciju u skriningu, kao i motivacione faktore koji utiču na promenu ponašanja žena prema skriningu KGM. Znanje i stavovi ispitani su kod žena koje redovno participiraju u skriningu, neredovno i nikada nisu participirale u skriningu. Nizak nivo znanja o KGM i PAPA testu se javlja kod žena koje neredovno i nikada nisu participirale u skriningu, kao i negativan stav o težini bolesti, rizicima oboljevanja i korisnosti od skrininga. Strah, stid, ginekolog muškog pola su dominantne barijere kod žena koje neredovno i nikada ne uzimaju učešće u skriningu. Mediji igraju važnu ulogu kao spoljni triger koji pokreće preispitivanje dosadašnjeg zdravstvenog ponašanja žena, čak 86,7%. Utvrđeno je da je najači prediktor namere žena da participiraju u skriningu, znanje o KGM i PAPA testu. Ovakvi rezultati omogućiće podizanje nivoa znanja, kao i svesti o značaju prevencije karcinoma grlića materice kako na lokalnom tako i na nacionalnom nivou.

Cervical cancer represents one of the leading public-health problems in Serbia. The research goal was to explore the impact of knowledge and attitudes of women on cervical cancer and Pap test to their participation in screening, as well as motivational factors affecting the change of behaviour of women towards cervical cancer screening. The knowledge and attitudes of women who normally, sometimes and never participate in screening. Low level of knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap test occurs in women who sometimes or never participate in screening, as well as a negative attitude towards severity of disease, risks and screening benefits. Fear, shame, male gynecologist are dominant barriers in women who sometimes or never participate in screening. The media plays an important role as an external trigger that activates review of the current health behaviour of women, even 86,7%. It is found that the strongest predictor of women's intention to participate in screening is the knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap test. These results will enable to raise the level of knowledge, as well as awareness about the importance of cervcal cancer prevention at both local and national level.