Savremena shvatanja fenomenologije i etiologije maloletničke delinkvencije

Abstract

By the analysis of available criminological literature, the profound lack of juvenile crime research in Nis has been estimated. The topic studies of this research are the phenomenological and etiological characteristics of juvenile delinquency in Nis. The research covers the period between 2006 and 2011 including theoretical and empirical works. Тhe theoretical part of the research provides the analyses of juvenile delinquents legal status as well as the contemporary criminological conceptions of juvenile delinquency phenomenology and etiology whereas the empirical, phenomenological and etiological characteristics are the circumstantial consequences which came as the result of the minutes of District Court in Nis with reference to the statistic data issued by Police Administration in Nis on the number, gender and age structure of the juvenile delinquents for committing criminal acts during the period between 2006 and 2011. Furthermore, the analysis includes the juvenile delinquents documents and other information from the official evidence of Youth Training Centre in Nis, and direct conversations with the juvenile delinquents who legally resided in the centre, with their expert team and legal officials in Nis. The following methods have been used in the study: language interpretation, descriptive method, comparative-legal method, standardization method, statistical method and content analyses method. The study is supposed to sublime the contemporary conception about the juvenile delinquency, but also to provide ideas and suggestions for changing the juvenile crime legislation in order to find the mechanisms for effective struggle against juvenile delinquency. The study aim is to research the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency through the analyses and application of corrective measures consisting of sending delinquents to the youth training centers and providing their constant surveillance at the centre. The research results that have been taken at the same time showed that the juvenile delinquents structure in Nis between 2006 and 2011 does not significantly differ from the structure on the territory of Republic of Serbia. Taking into consideration the etiological characteristics of juvenile delinquency in Nis, the effect of all exogenous and endogenous factors known in criminology is remarkable, and the primacy belongs to the theoretical studies which equally accept all above-mentioned criminal factors. Fighting and preventing juvenile delinquency requires the participation of the whole society whose main obligation is to provide the best conditions for education and development to its youngest members.