Privatne šume predstavljaju značajan prirodni resurs, imajući u vidu da čine skoro
polovinu ukupne površine šuma u Srbiji. Gazdovanje privatnim šumama, trajnost prinosa i
održivost, između ostalog, zavise od vlasnika privatnih šuma (VPŠ). Period tranzicije
karakterišu velike socio-demografske promene, nastanak „novih“ vlasnika šuma, nedostatak
procesa udruživanja vlasnika i pojava raznolikosti u ciljevima gazdovanja, odnosno, prioritetima
VPŠ u gazdovanju šumskim posedom. Pomenuti problemi, uz prisustvo velikog broja vlasnika
šuma i veliku usitnjenost privatnih šumskih poseda, vode ka niskom nivou mobilizacije drvnih
resursa iz privatnih šuma. Sa druge strane, prisutni su sve veći zahtevi za korišćenjem
obnovljivih izvora energije i uvećane potrebe drvne industrije za sirovinom. U tom smislu,
problem istraživanja predstavlja kompleksan pristup tipologiji VPŠ, modelu organizovanja
VPŠ i merama podrške u cilju unapređenja mobilizacije drvnih resursa, odnosno, analiza:
karakteristika vlas...nika i njihovih poseda, tipova VPŠ, stavova VPŠ, aktivnosti u okviru modela
organizovanja VPŠ i mera podrške u odnosu na izdvojene tipove VPŠ.
Na osnovu toga, definisana su tri opšta cilja istraživanja: 1) utvrđivanje tipova VPŠ i
karakteristika vlasnika u okviru izdvojenih tipova, 2) utvrđivanje stavova VPŠ u odnosu na
mobilizaciju drvnih resursa i 3) utvrđivanje stavova predstavnika VPŠ, predstavnika industrije
prerade drveta, donosioca odluka i eksperata u šumarstvu u odnosu na definisani predlog
organizovanja VPŠ i kreiranje mera podrške prema različitim tipovima vlasnika šuma, u cilju
mobilizacije drvnih resursa.
U odnosu na definisane ciljeve istraživanja, svrha istraživanja je utvrđivanje tipova
VPŠ, mogućnosti organizovanja vlasnika šuma i predlog modela njihovog organizovanja, kao i
definisanje selektivnih mera podrške, u cilju mobilizacije drvnih resursa, prema različitim
tipovima VPŠ.
Predmet istraživanja predstavljaju: socio-ekonomske karakteristike VPŠ,
karakteristike šumskih poseda, stavovi VPŠ (u odnosu na: mere podrške šumarstvu privatnog
sektora, mobilizaciju drvnih resursa, ciljeve gazdovanja šumskim posedom, institucionalne
aspekte i interesno organizovanje vlasnika), modeli organizovanja VPŠ i stavovi predstavnika
odabranih organizacija, u odnosu na predloženi model organizovanja i predložene mere podrške
prema različitim tipovima VPŠ, u cilju mobilizacije drvnih resursa.
U skladu sa ciljem i predmetom istraživanja, definisane su tri opšte hipoteze, a za svaku
od njih i posebne hipoteze, zbog sveobuhvatnije analize i pravilnijeg tumačenja dobijenih
rezultata.
U odnosu na metode istraživanja, korišćene su opšte (statistička metoda), osnovne
(komparativna metoda) i posebne naučne metode (metode analize i sinteze, generalizacije i
specijalizacije i metode indukcije i dedukcije). Kao istraživačke tehnike, korišćene su: tehnike
ispitivanja (anketa „od vrata do vrata” i pojedinačni, usmereni intervju) i tehnike strateškog
menadžmenta („benchmarking” i SWOT analiza)...
Private forests are an important natural resource, given that they account for almost one half of
the total forest area in Serbia. Among other things, private forest management, durability of
yields and sustainability of return depend on private forest owners (PFO). The period of
transition is characterized by great socio-demographic changes, the emergence of "new" forest
owners, the lack of PFOs association, and a rise in the diversity of management objectives, i.e.
the PFOs' priorities in forest management. Along with the presence of a large number of PFOs
and great fragmentation of private forest holdings, the above mentioned problems lead to a low
level of mobilization of wood resources from private forests. On the other hand, there is an
increasing demand for the use of renewable energy sources and a growing need of wood
industry for timber raw material. In this sense, the research problem is a complex approach to
the typology of PFOs, the model of PFOs organization and support me...asures aimed at the
mobilization of wood resources, i.e. the analysis of PFOs’ characteristics and properties, types
of PFOs, their attitudes, activities within the model of organization, and support measures
pertaining to defined PFO types.
On the basis of that, three general research objectives have been defined: 1) the identification
of PFOs types and characteristics of the owners within the selected types, 2) the determination
of PFOs’ attitudes in relation to wood resources mobilization and 3) the definition of the
attitudes of PFOs, wood processing industry representatives, decision makers and forestry
professionals towards the defined proposal of PFOs organization and the creation of support
measures according to different types of PFOs aimed at wood resources mobilization.
In accordance with the defined research objectives, the purpose of this research is to determine
the types of PFOs and the possibility of forest owners’ organization, as well as to propose a
model of their organization and define selective support measures aimed at wood resources
mobilization according to different PFO types.
The subject of research are: socio-economic characteristics of PFOs, the characteristics of
forest holdings, PFOs’ attitudes (towards: support measures for the private forestry sector, wood
resources mobilization, forest management objectives, institutional aspects and interest
organization of owners), the models of PFOs organization and attitudes of the representatives of
selected organizations towards the proposed model of organization and support measures by
different types of PFOs in the aim of wood resources mobilization.
In accordance with the objectives and the research subject, three general hypotheses have been
defined and for each of them specific hypotheses have been defined, for more comprehensive
analysis and more accurate interpretation of the results.
The following research methods were used: the general (statistical) method, the basic
(comparative) method and the specific (analysis and synthesis, generalization and specialization
and induction and deduction) scientific method...
