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Karakterizacija Monilinia spp. patogena plodova jabuke u Srbiji i različiti aspekti njihove kontrole

Characterization of Monilinia spp. pathogens of apple fruit in Serbia and different aspects of their control

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2016
Disertacija4442.pdf (24.43Mb)
Vasic_Miljan_M.pdf (273.8Kb)
Author
Vasić, Miljan M.
Mentor
Duduk, Nataša
Committee members
Vico, Ivana
Marković, Tatjana
Radulović, Niko
Radivojević, Dragan
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Abstract
Iz plodova jabuke sa simptomima smeđe truleži i crnila sakupljenih u voćnjacima i skladištima u Srbiji, u periodu od 2010. do 2012. godine, dobijeno je 349 izolata Monilinia spp. Na osnovu morfoloških i molekularnih osobina izolati su identifikovani kao M. fructigena, M. laxa i po prvi put u našoj zemlji vrste M. fructicola i Monilia polystroma. U voćnjacima je utvrđeno dominantno prisustvo M. fructigena (76,98%), dok su manje zastupljene bile M. polystroma (14,78%), M. laxa (5,15%) i M. fructicola (3,09%). U skladištima je dominantno bila prisutna M. fructigena (77,58%), a manje zastupljene M. polystroma (8,62%), M. fructicola (6,9%) i M. laxa (6,9%). Izolati sve četiri vrste su okarakterisani na osnovu morfoloških, patogenih, odgajivačkih, ekoloških i molekularnih osobina. Kolonije izolata M. fructigena su bile ravnog oboda beličaste do sivkaste boje, dok je kod pojedinih izolata uočena stromatizacija u kulturi. Izolati M. polystroma su obrazovali kolonije sivkaste boje, ravnog oboda..., sa koncentrično raspoređenim stromatičnim tvorevinama, a kolonije izolata M. laxa bile su sivkaste boje, režnjevitog oboda i izgleda rozete. Kolonije izolata M. fructicola su bile sivkaste, ravnog oboda, sa masom spora na površini vazdušne micelije. Prosečni dnevni porast kolonija na KDA podlozi je bio najbrži kod M. fructicola, dok je kod ostalih vrsta bio ujednačen. Konidije izolata Monilinia spp. su bile jednoćelijske, hijalinske, limunastog oblika, formirale su se u lancima i bile su veće na inokulisanim plodovima jabuke nego na V8 podlozi. Izolati M. fructigena su obrazovali najveće konidije, nešto manje M. polystroma i najmanje M. fructicola i M. laxa. Na osnovu broja obrazovanih inicijalnih hifa po konidiji utvrđena je razlika između vrsta. M. polystroma i M. fructigena su klijale u jednu ili dve inicijalne hife, a M. laxa i M. fructicola u jednu inicijalnu hifu. M. fructigena je obrazovala najduže inicijalne hife, a zatim M. polystroma i M. fructicola i najkraće M. laxa. Na inicijalnim hifama M. fructicola je formirala prve bočne grane na najvećoj udaljenosti od konidije, zatim M. polystroma, pa M. fructigena i na najmanjoj udaljenosti M. laxa...

During a three-year period, from 2010 to 2012, diseased apple fruit with brown rot and black apple symptoms were collected from orchards and storage facilities in Serbia. Upon isolations 349 isolates were obtained. Based on macroscopic morphological and molecular features M. fructigena, M. laxa, and for the first time in Serbia M. fructicola and M. polystroma were identified as apple fruit pathogens. The dominant causal agent of apple brown rot in orchards was M. fructigena (76.98%), and less distributed were M. polystroma (14.78%), M. laxa (5.15%), and M. fructicola (3.09%). Under storage conditions M. fructigena was the dominant species (77.58%), while less distributed were M. polystroma (8.62%), M. fructicola (6.9%) and M. laxa (6.9%). Isolates of all four species were characterized based on morphological, cultural, ecological, pathogenic and molecular features. Colonies of M. fructigena were white to grayish, while several isolates exhibited stromatization in culture. M. polystroma... formed a grayish colony with entire margins and black stromatal plates were formed in concentric rings. Colonies of M. laxa were grayish, with lobbed margins and rosette appearance, while colonies of M. fructicola were grayish, with entire margins and masses of spores on areal mycelium. M. fructigena exhibited fastest growth rate, while other species had similar growth rate pattern. Conidia of Monilinia spp. isolates were one-celled, hyaline, limoniform, formed in chains, larger on inoculated apple fruit compared to V8 medium. M. fructigena formed largest conidia, M. polystroma slightly smaller, and the smallest were conidia of M. fructicola and M. laxa. M. fructigena and M. polystroma formed one or two germ tube per conidia, while M. fructicola and M. laxa formed one germ tube per conidia. M. fructigena had the longest germ tubes, little shorter were germ tubes formed by M. polystroma and M. fructicola, and the shortest germ tubes were of M. laxa. Germ tubes of M. fructicola branched at the longest distance from conidium, at lesser distance in M. polystroma, then in M. fructigena and at shortest distance in M. laxa...

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Пољопривредни факултет
Date:
07-07-2016
Keywords:
Monilinia fructigena / Monilinia fructigena / M. laxa / M. fructicola / Monilinia polystroma morfološke osobine / PCR-RFLP / testovi patogenosti / etarska ulja / Brassicaceae / Lambertella corni-maris / M. laxa / M. fructicola / Monilinia polystroma / morphological characteristics / PCR-RFLP / pathogenicity testing / essential oils / Brassicaceae / Lambertella corni-maris
[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_6427
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=3792
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/6427
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:12743/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=48150031

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