Proučavanje degradacije dimetenamida-P u vodenoj sredini različitim fizičko-hemijskim metodama
Investigation of dimethenamid-P degradation in an aqueous environment using various physico-chemical methods
Author
Glavaški, Olivera S.Mentor
Petrović, Slobodan D.Committee members
Mijin, Dušan
Rajaković, Ljubinka
Avramović Ivić, Milka L.
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Show full item recordAbstract
Predmet ove doktorske disertacije je proučavanje degradacije herbicida
dimetenamida-P u vodenoj sredini. Dimetenamid-P spada u grupu hlorcetamida.
Zahvaljujući svojoj velikoj selektivnosti, kao aktivna materija sredstava za zaštitu bilja,
primenjuje se u suzbijanju jednogodišnjih travnih i širokolisnih korova u usevima
velikog broja poljoprivrednih kultura. To su šećerna repa, kukuruz, soja, suncokret,
krompir, pasulj, krastavac i dr. U uslovima savremene poljoprivredne proizvodnje i sve
veće primene pesticida, ispitivanja u cilju zaštite životne sredine su pokazala prisustvo
tragova ovog herbicida u površinskim i podzemnim vodama. S obzirom na relativno
veliku rastvorljivost u vodi, postoji opravdana opasnost od migracije dimetenamida-P u
ekosistem. Degradacija dimetenamida-P je ispitivana sprovođenjem procesa
fotokatalitičke degradacije u prisustvu TiO2 kao katalizatora. Proučavana je i
elektrohemijska aktivnost dimetenamida-P. Direktna elektrohemijska degradacija
ispitivana je prime...nom ciklične voltametrije na elektrodi od zlata, a indirektna metodom
elektrolize.
Naučni cilj ovog rada je da se primenom viših oksidacionih procesa izvrši
potpuna oksidacija dimetenamida-P u kratkom vremenskom periodu, bez nastajanja
policikličnih produkata. Fokus istraživanja bio je usmeren na praćenje efekata
eksperimentalnih parametara koji utiču na brzinu degradacije ciljanog hloracetamida.
Na prvom mestu su to, koncentracija fotokatalizatora početna koncentracija
dimetenamida-P, početna vrednost pH rastvora, efekat neorganskih soli, uticaj vodonikperoksida,
odnosno uticaj organskog rastvarača. Pored toga identifikovani su nastali joni
u procesu degradacije, čime se došlo do važnih informacija o mineralizaciji
dimetenamida-P i koncentraciji osnovnog jedinjenja u vodi. Za proučavanje kinetike,
mehanizma degradacije, odnosno za kvalitativno i kvantitativno određivanje
dimetenamida-P u rastvorima pre i nakon određenih reakcija degradacije korišćene suμ
tečna hromatografija visoke efikasnosti sa detektorom na bazi niza dioda (HPLC-DAD)...
The subject of this doctoral thesis is the investigation of degradation of
dimethenamid-P herbicide in aquatic environment. Dimethenamid-P is classified into
chloroacetamides. Due to its high selectivity, this active ingredient of pesticides is
applied in controlling of annual grass weeds, as well as annual broadleaved weeds in
crops of great number of agricultural cultures. Among them, there are sugar beet, corn,
soya, sunflower, potato, beans, cucumber and others. In terms of modern agricultural
production and constantly increasing pesticide application, the investigations aiming at
environmental protection showed the presence of this herbicide in traces in surface and
underground waters. Considering relatively high solubility in water, there is reasonable
danger of migration of dimethenamid-P into ecosystem. The degradation of
dimethenamid-P was investigated by conducting the process of photocatalytic
degradation in the presence of TiO2 as catalyst. Electrochemical activity of
dimet...henamid-P was also investigated. Direct chemical degradation was investigated by
the application of cyclic voltammetry at gold electrode, and the indirect degradation by
electrolysis. Scientific objective of this paper is to perform total oxidation of
chloroacetamide in a short period of time by the application of advanced oxidation
processes, without the occurrence of polycyclic products. The investigative focus was
directed to monitoring the effects of experimental parameters which influence the
degradation speed of the aimed chloroacetamide. Primarily, those are: photocatalyst
concentration, initial concentration of dimethenamid-P, initial pH value of the solution,
the effect of inorganic salts, the influence of hydrogen peroxide presence, i.e. the
influence of organic solvent presence.
Beside that, ions generated in the degradation process were identified, which
provided important information about mineralization of dimethenamid-P and the
content of this compound in water. For the investigation of kinetics and mechanism of
degradation reaction, i.e. for qualitative and quantitative establishing of dimethenamid-P...