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Biopotencijal komposta i produkata komposta

Biopotential of compost and compost products

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2014
Disertacija2602.pdf (1.299Mb)
Author
Milinković, Mira R.
Mentor
Raičević, Vera
Committee members
Oljača, Snežana
Ličina, Vlado
Lalević, Blažo
Jovanović, Ljubinko
Metadata
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Abstract
Održivo korišćenje prirodnih resursa uključuje i održivo upravljanje sa čvrstim biorazgradljivim komunalnim i agroindustrijskim otpadom i doprinosi bezbednosti životne sredine i zdravlju ljudi. Industrijalizacija i porast broja stanovnika stvorili su brojne probleme u upravljanju sa otpadom a nedostatak finansijskih sredstava dodatno je otežao upravljanje sa otpadom. Zbog toga se u Srbiji ovaj otpad tretira kao niskovredan materijal, odnosno nešto što je potrebno odbaciti. Kako bi se postiglo održivo upravljanje komunalnim i poljoprivrednim otpadom, moraju se pronalaziti nove metode, primeniti inovativne tehnologije kako bi otpad postao vredan bioresurs. Jedan od načina smanjenja količina organskog otpada ali i smanjenja zagaĎenja životne sredine uz dobijanje vrednog proizvoda je kompostiranje i u tom kontekstu kompostiranje predstavlja značajnu oblast poljoprivredne biotehnologije. Stoga je osnovni cilj disertacije sagledavanje mogućnosti iskorišćavanja komposta i proizvoda od kompost...a kao bioresursa u održivoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji uz dobijanje kvalitetnih proizvoda, koji mogu naći svoju primenu u savremenoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji i doprineti zaštiti i unapreĎenju kvaliteta životne sredine. Kompost nije konačan proizvod recikliranja organskog otpada, već se od njega mogu dobiti i drugi korisni proizvodi u uslovima aeracije ili bez aeracije. Kompostni čaj i kompostni ekstrakt su tečni proizvodi komposta dobijeni mešanjem komposta i vode tokom odreĎenog vremenskog perioda. U radu je korišćen biorazgradljivi komunalni, zeleni i duvanski otpad, koji su predstavljali osnovne komponente za dobijanje komposta. Imajući u vidu početni materijal neophodno je bilo izvršiti hemijsku i mikrobiološku karakterizaciju kompostnih proizvoda i onda sagledati biopotencijal kompostnih proizvoda, koji je utvrĎen ispitivanjem klijavosti različitih biljnih vrsta, odreĎivanjem germinacionog indeksa (GI) kao i odnosom kompostnih produkata prema nekim fitopatogenim gljivama i na taj način sagledavanje mogućnosti za njihovu primenu u poljoprivredi...

The sustainable use of natural resources includes a sustainable management of solid biodegradable communal and agro-industrial waste, contributing to the environmental safety and public health. The industrialisation and the population growth have caused numerous problems in waste management, while the lack of financial resources has additionally hindered the management of waste. As a result of this, this type of waste in Serbia is often treated as a low-value material, i.e. something that ought to be thrown away. In order to achieve sustainable management of communal and agricultural waste, it is necessary to find new methods and apply innovative technologies, in order to make the waste a valuable bio-resource. Composting is recognised as one of the methods that can be used to reduce quantities of organic waste, as well as environmental pollution, in addition to obtaining a valuable product, so that taken in this context composting represents an important area of agricultural biotechno...logy. The principal aim of the dissertation therefore is to review the possibilities for using compost and compost-based products as a bio-resource in sustainable agricultural production, enabling an output of good-quality products that can be integrated in the modern agricultural production and contribute to the protection and advancement of the quality of the environment. Compost is not the final product in the organic waste recycling, as it possesses a potential for further processing into other products that can be efficiently used, either in aeration conditions or in their absence. The compost tea and the compost extract are liquid compost products, created by mixing compost with water over a certain period of time. In the paper, biodegradable communal, green and tobacco waste were selected as the basic components used in the process of obtaining compost. Considering the type of the input material, it was necessary to perform the chemical and microbiological characterisation of the compost products before reviewing their bio-potential, which was established by testing the germination potential of the various plant species and determining the corresponding germination index (GI), as well as the interaction between the compost products and certain phytopathogenic fungi, thus obtaining an insight into the possibilities for their application in agriculture...

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Пољопривредни факултет
Date:
03-04-2014
Projects:
  • Biodiversity as potential in ecoremediation technologies of degraded ecosystems (RS-31080)
Keywords:
biorazgradljivi otpad / biodegradable waste / compost / compost extract / compost tea / percentage of inhibition / germination index / kompost / kompostni ekstrakt / kompostni čaj / procenat inhibicije / germinacioni indeks
[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5321
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=2881
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/5321
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:11101/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=512114653

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