Ocena genotipova ječma na otpornost prema suši u fazi nalivanja zrna
Evaluation of barley genotypes for drought tolerance during grain filling stage
Author
Kandić, Vesna G.
Mentor
Šurlan-Momirović, Gordana
Committee members
Dodig, Dejan
Perović, Dragan
Prodanović, Slaven

Branković, Gordana

Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Nakon formiranja broja zrna po klasu u toku vegetativne faze, masa zrna
zavisi od intenziteta i duţine nalivanja zrna. Međutim, u većini regiona u svetu u
kojima se gaji ječam, pa i u Srbiji, česta je pojava suše i visokih temperatura tokom
nalivanja zrna. Cilj ovog istraţivanja je bio da se identifikuju genotipovi dvoredog i
šestoredog ječma koji mogu da postignu relativno visoke prinose u uslovima
terminalne suše, kao i utvrđivanje korelacionih veza između ispitivanih osobina
radi utvrđivanja kriterijuma za indirektnu selekciju na otpornost na sušu u periodu
nakon cvetanja.
Genetički materijal korišćen u ovom istraţivanju činilo je 15 genotipova
dvoredog i 10 genotipova šestoredog ječma. Ogled je postavljen po potpuno
slučajnom blok sistemu, na lokalitetima Zemun Polje i Školsko dobro, u dva
ponavljanja, dva tretmana i dve godine (2010/2011 i 2011/2012). Jedan tretman je
bio kontrolni, dok je u drugom izvršena mehanička defolijacija listova sedmog
dana nakon cvetanja svakog genotipa.... Na taj način su putem inhibicije tekuće
fotosinteze simulirani uslovi suše u periodu nalivanja zrna. Uzorci klasova su
uzimani na svakih pet dana, od momenta defolijacije do pune zrelosti.
Defolijacija je uticala da se kod većine osobina srednje vrednosti značajno
razlikuju (P<0.05) u odnosu na kontrolu, a do najvećeg smanjenja je došlo kod
ukupnog prinosa zrna za 33%, ukupne biomase za 31%, prinosa po klasu za 14% i
intenziteta nalivanja za 12%. Analiza varijanse je pokazala da je u uslovima stresa,
u proseku za sve osobine, uticaj faktora genotip na variranje osobina nešto veći u
odnosu na kontrolne uslove (36,5% prema 34,2%), dok je uticaj faktora sredine veći
u kontrolnim u odnosu na uslove defolijacije (41,4% prema 34%)...
After the kernel number per spike has been formed during the vegetative
stage, grain weight depends on the rate and duration of grain filling. However,
drought and high temperatures during the grain filling stage frequently occurs in
the majority og barley growing regions world wide, and Serbia too.
The aim of this study was to identify two- and six- rowed barley genotypes
with capacity to have comparatively high yields in terminal drought conditions,
and to determine correlations among investigated traits in order to define criteria
for indirect selection for resistance to drought in the period after flowering.
The genetic material used in this study encompassed 15 and 10 genotypes of
two-rowed and six-rowed barley, respectively. Genotypes were grown in a
randomised complete block design trial with two replications, two treatments at
two locations (Zemun Polje and Školsko dobro) in the period 2010-2011 and again
in 2011-2012. One treatment was control, while in the other treatment mec...hanical
defoliation was performed, 7 days after flowering of each genotype. Through the
inhibition of current photosynthesis (as result of defoliation), the treatment
simulated drought conditions during grain filling. Spike sampling was initiated at
the moment of defoliation, and continued at 5 day interval until full maturity.
Defoliation resulted in significant (P <0.05) difference in mean values in the
majority of traits in comparison with the control, and the largest reduction was
recorded in the total grain yield (33%), the total biomass (31%), the yield per spike
(14%) and the grain filling rate (12%).
The analysis of variance showed that under conditions of stress, on average
for all traits, effects of genotypes on variation in traits were somewhat higher than
in the control (36.5% vs. 34.2%)...
Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Пољопривредни факултетDate:
27-10-2015Projects:
- Biotechnological approaches for overcoming effects of drought on agricultural production in Serbia (RS-31005)