Prevalencija i faktori rizika za nastanak poremećaja govora kod učenika prvog razreda osnovnih škola Nišavskog okruga

Abstract

Introduction explains in detail the stages of development of speech and generally accepted classification of speech disorders. The author presents the results of epidemiological studies, as well as the risk factors of previous research in the field of speech and voice disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for speech disorders in first grade pupils of elementary schools city of Nis and its surrounding. Materials and method. The research is sectional study and included 1030 pupils (aged 7 years) of elementary schools city of Nis and its surrounding (generations 2012 and 2013). The survey used: questionnaires for parents, parent and teacher interviews, examination of children with disorders of speech, hearing test in children with disorders of speech, global articulation test, a test of auditory perception and test of oral praxis. Results of the research presented in the order of implementation, a number of relevant tables and graphs and fully derived from applied research methodology. Pathological conditions were recorded with 202 pupils (19. 6%). It was found that the most common speech disorder in children dyslalia which included children with irregular saying to ten votes. The discussion was posted on the issues raised in the objectives of the dissertation. Conclusion provides a solution set of scientific goals and encourages further investigation of the prevalence and risk factors for disorders of speech, for preventive action and timely implementation habilitacionih treatment, with the purpose of being improving the quality of life of children with these disorders and facilitate their involvement in the educational and social environment. Scientific contributions. This cross sectional study in the field of public health is an original and independent scientific work of the author. Epidemiological studies has not been conducted in Southeast Serbia. Application of modern literature, research methods and scientifically valid statistical data processing obtained results are applicable to clinical practice. Knowing that there are in the first grade of elementary schools represented pathological conditions allow authors recommend for early assessment of speech disorders in children, because the overall success and future of a child can be significantly improved by early identification of communication disorders, their causes, detection and timely and appropriate intervention. Results can be used for scientific purposes, and for the implementation of the National Programme and organization of professional teams for the control and treatment of these disturbances. They can also be used to promote prevention, as well as education of parents to participate fully in the health care of their children.