Rimske pojasne garniture na tlu Srbije od I do IV veka

Abstract

Predmet proučavanja ovog rada jesu rimske pojasne garniture koje su na prostoru današnje Srbije korišćene u periodu od I do IV veka. U tezi je analizirana konstrukcija delova pojasnih garnitura, korišćeni materijali, način izrade, tehnike ukrašavanja, pretpostavljeni korisnici, kao i njihova namena. Navedeni su aspeti proučavanja ove vrste nalaza, metodologija, kao i istorijat istraživanja. U ovom radu detaljno su predstavljene i opisane 1043 kataloške jedinice od kojih mnoge predstavljaju čitave pojasne garniture sačinjene od više pojedinačnih delova. Pored njih pomenuto je još 89 različitih primeraka, što ukupno iznosi 1132 pojasne garniture i njihovih pojedinačnih delova. Delovi pojasnih garnitura sa prostora današnje Srbije su razvrstani u 32 tipa, koji su dalje često podeljeni na više varijanti. Za pomenute tipove i njihove pojedinačne varijante sam naveo podatake vezane za tehnologiju izrade, način ukrašavanja, teritorijanu rasprostranjenost, poreklo, kategoriju stanovništva koja ih je koristila, postojanje radionica za njihovu izradu kao i vremenski opseg njihove upotrebe. Na osnovu analize grobnih celina koje su kao priloge imale pojasne garniture ili njihove delove, došao sam do saznanja, da su primerci tipovi koji su prepoznati kao delovi vojne opreme nalaženi u grobovima žena ili dece. Sliča situacija je i kod pojedinih primeraka koji se smatraju konjskom ormom, a koji su nađeni u grobovima ljudi. Činjenica da je čak 13,7% ovde prezentovanih nalaza datovano novcem, fibulama, žišcima, keramikom i uslovima nalaza doprinosi utvrđivanju njihove preciznije hronologije.

Subject of this work are roman belt sets which were used on the territory of modern day Serbia during the period between the I and the IV century. Construction of the elements of the belt sets, materials that were used, techniques of ornamentation, their function, as well as their users were analised in this thesis. Aspects of studying of this type of artefacts, methodology and previous researches are stated. In this work 1043 catalogical units are presented and described in detail, while many of them are complete belt sets comprised of several individual elements. Besides them 89 more specimens are mentioned, which makes 1132 belt sets and their individual parts in total. Elements of belt sets from the territory of modern day Serbia are classified in 32 different types, which often consist of several variants. For mentioend types and their variants I enlist data related to technology of manufacture, techniques of ornamentation, territorial displacment, provenance, cathegory of population that utilized them, existance of local workshops as well as precise chronological period in which belt sets were used. After analising funerary units which included belt sets or some of their individual elements as grave goods, it came to my knowledge, that some types that were previously considered to be parts of military equipment, were found in graves of women and children. Similar situation is with some specimens thought to be parts of horse equipment, but have been found in human graves. The fact that as much as 13,7% of specimens presented here are dated by coins, fibulae, oil lamps, pottery or context of the find contributes to more precise determination of their chronology.