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Poljoprivredna proizvodnja u rimskim provincijama na tlu Srbije : od I do prve polovine V veka

Agricultural production of the Roman provincies in the territory of Serbia : from the 1st to the first half of 5th century

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Disertacija.pdf (14.02Mb)
Author
Ilić, Olivera R.
Mentor
Vujović, Miroslav
Committee members
Dimitrijević, Vesna
Korać, Miomir
Vujović, Miroslav
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Abstract
Proučavanja u ovom radu su usmerena na istraživanja različitih elemenata koji se odnose na poljoprivrednu proizvodnju i njen razvoj, kao i promene u njenoj strukturi koje su nastale uspostavljanjem rimske vlasti na teritoriji današnje Srbije u periodu od I do početka V veka. Prema raspoloživim arheološkim podacima, ali i pisanim izvorima, delimično su sagledani uslovi koji su određivali okvire ekonomske aktivnosti stanovništva tokom rimskog perioda i u sklopu toga agrikulture kao fundamentalne delatnosti. Naročita pažnja je posvećena istraživanju tipično rimskih formi poljoprivrednih imanja organizovanim kao vile rustike (villae rusticae) što predstavlja vrlo kompleksan zadatak, budući da uključuje osetljive tipološke i hronološke analize samih građevina kroz arhitektonske forme, koje ponegde uključuju i postojanje žitnica i drugih ekonomskih objekata u sklopu poljoprivrednog imanja. Tokom istraživanja uzimani su u obzir i podaci koje možemo dobiti iz prirodnog okruženja, kao što su: o...sobine reljefa, pedeološki i hidrološki faktori, klimatske karakteristike itd. Cilj sprovedenog istraživanja bio je da se pruži detaljnije tumačenje arheološke građe koje daje istorijski odgovor na pitanje celokupne poljoprivredne aktivnosti u postavljenim geografskim okvirima sa pokušajem teritorijalne, tipološke i hronološke diferencijacije. Centar pažnje usmeren je na izučavanje forme i organizacije poljoprivrednih imanja, budući da su se zbog različitih socijalno-ekonomskih odnosa, ali i geografskih i klimatskih uslova nužno morale razlikovati od onih u Italiji, ali i drugim provincijama Carstva. Organizacione promene u načinu obrade i kultivisanja zemljišta, uz primenu novog tehnički savršenijeg oruđa od onog korišćenog u predrimskom periodu, novi vidovi uzgoja domaćih životinja, neminovno su uticali na ekonomsko-socijalno raslojavanje stanovništva i proces romanizacije koji je bio intenzivniji u ravničarskim regionima, za razliku od brdsko-planisnkih oblasti gde se usled manje pogodnih prirodnih uslova i izolovanosti prostora uglavnom zadržao tradicionalni način privređivanja. Sagledavši sve prikupljene podatke o proizvodnim jedinicama u poljoprivredi, sredstvima za proizvodnju, transport i distribuciji namirnica, flori i fauni, opšti je zaključak da je stanovništvo panonsko-balkanskog prostora bilo pretežno poljoprivredno u rimskom periodu. KLJUČNE REČI: poljoprivredna proizvodnja, vici, villae rusticae, horrea, snabdevanje i transport, poljoprivredno oruđe, provincije Gornja Mezija, Donja Panonija, istočna Dalmacija, rimski period.

The studies in this paper is focused on the investigation of various elements relating to agricultural production and its development, as well as changes in its structure arising establishment of Roman rule in the territory of Serbia in the period from the first to the beginning of the fifth century. According to archaeological evidence, but also written sources, in part conditions were perceived that were determined frames of economic activity of the population during the Roman period and within that agriculture as a fundamental activity. Special attention has been devoted to the study of typical Roman forms of farms organized as villae rusticae which is a very complex task, since it involves sensitive typological and chronological analysis of the buildings themselves through architectural forms, that sometimes involve the existence of granaries and other economic structures in the farm. During the study, it was taken into account data that we get from the natural environment, such as...: terrain features, pedological and hydrological factors, climatic characteristics, etc. The aim of the research was to provide a more detailed interpretation of archaeological material that provides historical answer to the question of the entire set of agricultural activities in geographical terms in attempt territorial, chronological and typological differentiation. Center of attention is focused on the study of form and organization of farms, as they are due to various socio-economic relations, but also the geographic and climatic conditions must necessarily differ from those in Italy, but also in other provinces of the Empire. Organizational changes in release and cultivation of land, with the application of a new technically superior tools than that used in the pre-Roman period, new forms of livestock farming, inevitably affected the economic and social stratification of the population and the process of romanization, which was the strongest in the lowland regions, in contrast to highlands areas where due to less favorable natural conditions and isolation of space generally kept the traditional way of economic activity. Analyzed all the data on the production units in agriculture, means of production, transport and distribution of food, flora and fauna, the general conclusion is that the population of the Pannonian-Balkan area was predominantly agricultural in the Roman period.

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Филозофски факултет
Date:
18-12-2012
Keywords:
poljoprivredna proizvodnja / agricultural production / vici / villae rusticae / horrea / snabdevanje i transport / poljoprivredno oruđe / provincije Gornja Mezija / Donja Panonija / istočna Dalmacija / rimski period / vici / villae rusticae / horrea / supplying and transport / agricultural implements / roman provinces of Moesia Superior / Pannonia Inferior / eastern Dalmatia / Roman period

DOI: 10.2298/bg20121218ilic

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Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_3205
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=461
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/3205
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:6311/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=522261399

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