Biološka aktivnost kompozitnih ćelijskih nosača na bazi visokoporoznih hidroksiapatita i njihov uticaj na tkivno inženjerstvo kosti
Biological activity of the compound scaffolds based on highly porous hydroxyapatite and their influence on bone tissue engineering
Author
Petrović, Milan B.
Mentor
Vukadinović, MiroslavCommittee members
Marković, Dejan
Gavrić, Miodrag
Sopta, Jelena

Pašalić, Snežana
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Tkivno inženjerstvo koštanog tkiva se u ovom veku razvilo u jedno od
glavnih polja istraživanja u regenerativnoj medicini. Ono predstavlja alternativni
pristup u odnosu na konvencionalne koštane transplantate. Osnovni cilj ove
vrste terapije je da popravi, regeneriše i rekonstruiše oštećeno ili bolešću
zahvaćeno tkivo. Osnovu tkivnog inženjerstva čine ćelijski nosači koji
predstavljaju razne vrste biomaterijala sposobnih da učestvuju u regeneraciji
koštanog tkiva. Veliki broj materijala je istraživan i analiziran sa ciljem da se
koristi kao ćelijski nosač na koji bi mogle da se zasejavaju ćelije. Ćelijski nosač
koji bi tim ćelijama omogućio rast, proliferaciju i njihovo unošenje u defekte kosti
nakon čega bi novostvoreno tkivo preuzimalo strukturu i funkciju obolelog dela
tkiva. Hidroksiapatiti i drugi kalcijum fosfatni materijali imali su široku upotrebu
kao koštani zamenici više od dve decenije. Zbog loših mehaničkih osobina
poroznih hidroksiapatita došlo je do ograničenja njihove pr...imene. U slučaju
kada se kombinuju u kompozitne materijale sa odgovarajućim
polimer/biopolimer tankim filmovima, porozni hidroksiapatiti dobijaju optimalne
osobine potrebne ćelijskim nosačima, koje mogu pružiti odlične uslove za
infiltraciju, rast i aktivnost ćelija neophodnih u tkivnom inženjerstvu kosti.
Osnovni cilj doktorske disertacije bio je izvršiti karakterizaciju, ispitati
biokompatibilnost i biofunkcionalnost poroznog hidroksiapatita dobijenog
modifikovanom hidrotermalnom metodom(pHAP), poroznog hidroksiapatita
dobijenog modifikovanom hidrotermalnom metodom u kombinaciji sa PLGA
(pHAP+PLGA) i poroznog hidroksiapatita dobijenog modifikovanom
hidrotermalnom metodom u kombinaciji sa metforminom (pHAP+metformin).
Istraživanje je podrazumevalo karakterizaciju ispitivanih materijala uz
pomoć Fourier transform infracrvene spektroskopije (FTIR), metodom rentgen
difrakcije (XRD), metodom atomski forsirane mikroskopije (AFM), analizom
skening elektronske mikroskopije (SEM) i BET metodom. Biokompatibilnost je
ispitivana pomoću MTT testa (indirektni kontakt ispitivanih materijala sa
ćelijskom kulturom L 929 fibroblasta), LDH testa (direktni kontakt ispitivanih
materijala sa ćelijskom kulturom L 929 fibroblasta) i testom kutane iritacije.
Biofunkcionalnost ispitivanih materijala bila je istraživana njihovom
implantacijom u defekte kritične veličine od 6 mm u predelu kalvarije kunića.
Nakon 12 nedelja životinje su bile žrtvovane, a uzorci tkiva su obrađeni za
patohistološku analizu. Optičkom mikroskopijom kvantitativno i kvalitativno
obrađivani su sledeći parametri: veličina defekta, prisustvo džinovskih ćelija,
prisustvo neoangiogeneze, prisustvo bazofila, postojanje znakova
nespecifičnog zapaljenja u tkivu, pojava novostvorene kosti, prisustvo
fibroplazije u tkivu i procenat mineralizacije...
Since the beginning of this century the bone tissue engineering has
developed into one of the essential research fields in reconstructive medicine,
as an alternative approach compared with the conventional bone transplants.
The main objective of this kind of therapy is to repair, regenerate and
reconstruct the damaged or disease-stricken tissue. Tissue engineering is
based on scaffolds which are of various biomaterials capable of participating in
the process of bone tissue regeneration. A great number of materials has been
researched and analyzed so as to be used as a scaffold for cell seeding.
Therefore, the scaffold would enable those cells to grow, proliferate and
penetrate the bone defects, whereupon the new tissue would take over the
structure and function of the damaged tissue. Hydroxyapatites and other
calcium phosphate materials were widely used as bone replacements for more
than two decades. However, the poor mechanical features of porous
hydroxyapatites led to their limited u...se. In case when they are combined into
the compound materials together with polymer/biopolymer thin films, the porous
hydroxyapatites acquire optimal characteristics required by scaffolds, which can
offer excellent conditions for cell infiltration, growth and activity which is
necessary in bone tissue engineering.
The main objective of the doctoral dissertation was to carry out the
characterization, examine the biocompatibility and biofunctionality of porous
hydroxyapatite created by the modified hydrothermal method (pHAP), porous
hydroxyapatite created by the modified hydrothermal method in combination
with PLGA (Phap + PLGA) and porous hydroxyapatite created by the modified
hydrothermal method in combination with metformin (pHAP + metformin).
The research included the characterization of the tested materials by
means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray distraction
method (XRD), atomic forse microscopy method (AFM), scanning electorn
microscopy analysis(SEM) and BET method. Biocompatibility was examined by
MTT test (indirect contact of the tested materials with the cell culture L 929
fibroblasts), LDH test (direct contact of the tested materilas with the cell culture
L929 fribroblasts) and test of local effects on skin in rabbits. Biofunctionality of
the examined materials was researched by their implatation into defects of
critical size of 6mm in the region of parietal bone in rabbits. After 12 weeks the
animals were sacrifised, and tissue samples were prepared for pathohistological
analysis. By means of the optical microscopy the following parametres were
determined both quantitatively and qualitatively: the size of the defect, the
presence of giant cells, the presence of neoangiogenesis, the presence of
basophils, the presence of nonspecific inflammation in the tissue, the
appearance of the newly created bone, the presence of fibroplasia in the tissue
and the percentage of mineralization...
Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Стоматолошки факултетDate:
04-10-2012Projects:
- Chemical and structural designing of nanomaterials for application in medicine and tissue engineering (RS-172026)