Karakterizacija vrsta roda Monilinia patogena koštičavih voćaka u Srbiji i osetljivost na fungicide
Characterization of Моnilinia species pathogens of stone fruits in Serbia and sensitivity to fungicides
Author
Hrustić, Jovana G.Mentor
Bulajić, Aleksandra
Committee members
Tanović, BrankicaDelibašič, Goran

Krstič, Branka
Stankovič, Ivana
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Prikupljanje obolelih delova koštičavih voćaka sa simptomima sušenja cvetova,
grana i grančica i mrke truleži plodova, koje prouzrokuju vrste roda Monilinia,
obavljeno je tokom trogodišnjeg perioda od 2010. do 2012. godine. Pregledom 119
lokaliteta iz 15 okruga u Srbiji, prikupljen je 321 uzorak obolelih biljnih delova kako iz
komercijalnih zasada, tako i iz okućnica i sa zelenih pijaca. Dobijeno je ukupno 246
monosporijalnih izolata sa morfološkim odlikama vrsta roda Monilinia. Sa ciljem
utvrđivanja rasprostranjenosti vrsta roda Monilinia i rasvetljavanja etiologije oboljenja u
našoj zemlji, izvršena je identifikacija dobijenih izolata do nivoa vrste na osnovu
patogenih, morfoloških, odgajivačkih i ekoloških karakteristika, sa jedne strane, i
molekularnih karakteristika, sa druge strane. Na osnovu svih proučenih karakteristika
utvrđeno je prisustvo tri različite vrste: M. laxa, M. fructigena i M. fructicola.
Dominantan prouzrokovač mrke truleži plodova i sušenja cvetova, grana i granč...ica
koštičavih voćaka u Srbiji je M. laxa (prisutna u 96,34% uzoraka), dok je zastupljenost
ostalih vrsta ovog roda znatno manja – M. fructigena (2,44% uzoraka) i M. fructicola
(1,22% uzoraka). Po prvi put u Srbiji, detektovano je prisustvo M. fructicola, patogena
sa IA dela I Liste karantinskih štetnih organizama, na koštičavim voćkama u našoj
zemlji. Analiza SSR markera pokazala je da izolati M. fructicola iz Srbije pripadaju
haplotipu iz Italije, što ukazuje na mogući put introdukcije ovog karantinskog patogena
u Srbiju.
Tri vrste roda Monilinia mogu se jasno razdvojiti na osnovu kompleksa
morfoloških karaktera koji obuhvata: izgled, oblik i boju kolonije, prisustvo spora i
koncentričnog prstena spora u kulturi, brzinu porasta micelije, kao i veličinu konidija,
načina klijanja konidija i dužinu kličine cevčice pre prvog grananja. Međutim, za
pouzdanu i brzu detekciju može se preporučiti Multiplex PCR metoda koja je
prilagođena i uspešno primenjena za specifično dokazivanje prisustva Monilinia spp. na
koštičavim voćkama u Srbiji...
The diseased plant parts of stone fruits expressing symptoms of blossom, branch
and twig blight and fruit brown rot, caused by the species from the genus Monilinia,
were collected during a three-year period (from 2010 to 2012). Screening of 119
localities within 15 districts in Serbia was completed; 321 samples of diseased plant
parts from commercial orchards, as well as from house yards and green markets, were
collected. In total, 246 monosporial isolates with morphological characteristics
resembling to those of Monilinia spp. were obtained. These isolates were identified at
the species level based on their pathogenic, morphological, cultural and ecological
characteristics; however, identification based on their molecular characteristics was also
performed. This two-level identification was conducted in order to determine the
distribution of the Monilinia species in Serbia and to clarify etiology of the disease they
cause. According to their characteristics, the presence of three diff...erent species was
determined: M. laxa, M. fructigena and M. fructicola. The dominant causal agent of
fruit brown rot and blossom, branch and twig blight of stone fruits in Serbia was M.
laxa (it was present in 96.34% samples) while the presence of M. fructigena (2.44%
samples) and M. fructicola (1.22% samples) was smaller. It was the first time in Serbia
that M. fructicola, a pathogen from IA part of the List I of quarantine pest organisms on
stone fruit species in our country, was registered. Moreover, the analysis of SSR
markers showed that M. fructicola isolates originating from Serbia belonged to the same
haplotype as the isolates originating from Italy, which indicated a possible path of
introduction of this species to Serbia.
Three species of Monilinia genus could be clearly distinguished on the basis of
the complexity of morphological characters (colony appearance, shape and colour,
presence of spores and concentric ring of spores in a culture, mycelial growth rate,
conidia size, mode of conidia germination and length of germ tube). However,
Multiplex PCR method adjasted and successfully applied for specific attestation of presence of Monilinia spp. on stone fruit species in Serbia, can be recommended for
reliable and rapid detection...