Osetljivost populacija kestenjastog brašnara, Tribolium castaneum(Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) na sintetisane i prirodne insekticide u interakciji sa efektima ekstremne temperature
Susceptibility of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) populations to synthetic and natural insecticides in interaction with effects of extreme temperature
Author
Andrić, Goran G.Mentor
Elezović, IbrahimCommittee members
Kljajić, Petar
Spasić, Radoslava
Inđić, Dušanka
Almaši, Radmila
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Ispitivana je toksičnost sintetisanih (kontaktnih) insekticida za adulte laboratorijske populacije
Tribolium castaneum i osetljivost/rezistentnost populacija iz različitih skladišnih objekata. Parametri
toksičnosti (LD parametri i ld-p linije) su utvrđivani posle mikroaplikacije insekticida: dihlorvosa,
malationa, pirimifos-metila, hlorpirifos-metila, deltametrina i bifentrina i posle aplikacije insekticidnih
preparata: malationa, pirimifos-metila, hlorpirifos-metila, deltametrina sa piperonil butoksidom,
bifentrina, tiametoksama, spinosada i abamektina na pšenici u zrnu.
Utvrđivani su efekti prirodnih insekticida (inertnih prašiva) na bazi zeolita (Prirodni zeolit,
Prirodni zeolit fine granulacije, Modifikovani prirodni zeolit) i diatomejske zemlje (DZ S-1, DZ S-2,
Protect-It) pri različitm vlažnostima vazduha na adulte T. castaneum iz laboratorijske i populacija sa
promenjenom osetljivošću na insekticide.
Utvrđivani su efekti ekstremene temperature od 50°C izlaganjem adulta T. castan...eum iz
laboratorijske populacije i rezistentnih populacija u brašnu i pšenici u zrnu. U interakciji sa
subletalnim ekspozicijama (LT25 i LT50) na 50°C u pšenici u zrnu, utvrđivani su efekti LD50
sintetisanih insekticida i inertnih prašiva (0,25 i 0,5 g/kg).
Mikroaplikacijom je utvrđeno da je deltametrin najtoksičniji insekticid za laboratorijsku
populaciju, te populacije Nikinci i Jakovo. Za T. castaneum iz Nikinaca selekcionisane pirimifosmetilom
najtoksičniji insekticid je hlorpirifos-metil, a za selekcionisane deltametrinom, pirimifosmetil.
Malation je kod svih populacija ispoljio najslabiju toksičnost, a kod sedam od 12 populacija
diskriminativna doza ovog insekticida je prouzrokovala smrtnost <85%. U pšenici u zrnu za adulte iz
laboratorijske populacije, Jakova i Nikinaca selekcionisanih deltametrinom najtoksičniji insekticid je
tiametoksam, a za adulte iz Nikinaca i Nikinaca selekcionisanih pirimifos-metilom, deltametrin sa
piperonil butoksidom. Populacija Jakovo je razvila rezistentnost na malation, a populacija iz Nikinaca
pored malationa ispoljava i rezistentnost na tiametoksam i abamektin.
Efikasnost inertnih prašiva zavisi od relativne vlažnosti vazduha i osobina prašiva (sadržaja
SiO2 i veličine čestica). Utvrđen je značajan insekticidni potencijal prašiva DZ S-1, DZ S-2 i Prirodni
zeolit, dok je preparat Protect-It značajno efikasniji. Visoku efikasnost i redukciju potomstva prašiva
su postigla posle 21 dana izlaganja. Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u osetljivosti na
diatomejsku zemlju između laboratorijske populacije i populacija iz Nikinaca i Kikinde koje
ispoljavaju promenjenu osetljivost na malation.
Nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u delovanju ekstremne temperature 50°C u brašnu i pšenici u
zrnu za brašnare iz testiranih populacija. Sintetisani insekticidi značajno povećavaju efikasnost u
interakciji sa 50°C, a najveći uticaj interakcije je utvrđen kod bifentrina, dok je kod tiametoksama i
abamektina utvrđen najmanji uticaj. Preparat diatomejske zemlje značajno povećava efikasnost u
interakciji sa 50°C, dok je kod drugih prašiva utvrđen slab uticaj interakcije na efikasnost.
Toxicity of synthetic (contact) insecticides against adults of laboratory population of
Tribolium castaneum and susceptibility/resistance of the populations from different storage facilities
was studied. Toxicity parameters (LD parameters and ld-p lines) were determined after
microapplication of the following insecticides: dichlorvos, malathion, pirimiphos-methyl,
chlorpyrifos-methyl, deltamethrin and bifenthrin and after application of insecticide products:
malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-methyl, deltamethrin with piperonyl butoxide, bifenthrin,
thiamethoxam, spinosad and abamectin on wheat grain.
Effects of natural insecticides (inert dust) based on zeolites (Natural zeolite, Fine granulated
natural zeolite, Modified natural zeolite) and diatomaceous earth (DE S-1, DE S-2, Protect-It) against
T. castaneum adults from laboratory population and populations with altered susceptibility to contact
insecticides at different air humidity, were also determined.
Effects of extreme ...temperature of 50°C were evaluated by exposure of T. castaneum from
laboratory population and resistant populations in flour and wheat grain. In interaction with sublethal
exposures (LT25 and LT50) at 50°C in wheat grain, effects of LD50 of synthetic insecticides and inert
dusts (0,25 and 0,5 g/kg) were established.
Using microapplication, it was found that deltamethrin is the most toxic insecticide to
laboratory population, and populations from Nikinci and Jakovo. The most toxic insecticide to T.
castaneum populations from Nikinci selected with pirimiphos-methyl, was chlorpyrifos-methyl and to
populations selected with deltamethrin, it was pirimiphos-methyl. In all populations, malathion
expressed the lowest toxicity, and in seven out of 12 populations, discriminative dose of this
insecticide caused mortality <85%. The most toxic insecticide in wheat grain to adults from laboratory
and populations from Jakovo and Nikinci selected with deltamethrin was thiamethoxam, and to adults
from Nikinci and adults from Nikinci selected with pirimiphos-methyl, it was deltamethrin with
piperonyl butoxide. Population from Jakovo developed resistance to malathion while population from
Nikinci, besides to malathion, showed resistance to thiamethoxam and abamectin.
Efficacy of inert dusts depends on relative air humidity and dust properties (SiO2 content and
particle size). A notable insecticidal potential of the dusts DE S-1, DE S-2 and Natural zeolite was
found, while the product Protect-It had significantly higher efficacy. High efficacy and progeny
reduction were obtained after 21-day exposure to inert dusts. No statistically significant differences in
susceptibility to diatomaceous earth were found between laboratory population and populations from
Nikinci and Kikinda which expressed altered susceptibility to malathion.
No statistically significant differences were found for effect of extreme temperature of 50°C in
flour and wheat grain on T. castaneum from tested populations. Efficacy of synthetic insecticides was
significantly increased in interaction with 50°C, and the strongest effect of interaction was established
for bifenthrin, while for thiamethoxam and abamectin the effect was the weakest. Efficacy of
diatomaceus earth product was significantly increased in interaction with 50°C, while weak impact of
interaction on efficacy of other dusts was observed.