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Metodologija usmerenog projektovanja struktura autobusa u pogledu čvrstoće

A methodology for redirected design of bus superstructures regarding their strength

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2012
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Author
Mitić, Saša
Mentor
Rakićević, Branislav
Committee members
Vasić, Branko
Maneski, Taško
Popović, Vladimir
Demić, Miroslav
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Abstract
Prevrtanje predstavlja jedan od najčešćih vidova autobuskih nezgoda. Parametri bezbednosti autobusa uzimaju u obzir, između ostalog, veliki broj putnika koji se istovremeno nalaze u autobusu, ograničeni broj mera pasivne bezbednosti koje se mogu koristiti (sigurnosni pojasevi, vazdušni jastuci, itd.), kao i relativno lošu bočnu stabilnost ovih vozila. Zbog toga zahtevi za konstrukciju autobusa uključuju rešenja za poboljšanje bezbednosti vozila protiv prevrtanja, kao deo procesa projektovanja. U okviru doktorske disertacije predstavljen je razvijeni metodološki pristup formiranja modularnih prstenova nadgradnje, koji predstavljaju osnovne noseće elemente čvrstoće konstrukcije. Početne aktivnosti zasnivaju se na definisanju zona plastičnih deformacija prilikom prevrtanja i određivanju karakteristika lociranih plastičnih zglobova. Zatim se formiraju diskretizovani numerički gredni modeli, sa eksperimentalno definisanim karakteristikama i poznatim vrednostima apsorbovane energije. Dobijen...i rezultati omogućavaju uključenje diskretizovanih modela u dalji proces projektovanja, gde se kroz viši nivo numeričke analize dobijaju osnovne karakteristike modularnih prstenova nadgradnje. Konačno, pretpostavljena metodologija potvrđena je eksperimentalnom verifikacijom na realnom fizičkom modelu prstena nadgradnje.

Rollover is among the most common form of bus accidents. Bus safety issues include, among others, the large number of passengers that can be in a bus at the same time, limited extent to which passive safety measures (safety belts, airbags, etc.) can be used, and a relatively low rollover stability of this type of vehicle. Bus construction requirements therefore include solutions for improved rollover safety as a part of the design process. Within this dissertation, the developed methodological approach of superstructure modular rings forming is presented, which represent basic elements of superstructure strength. Starting activities are based on defining of plastic deformation zones during rollover and determination of located plastic hinges characteristics. Then, discretized numerical beam models are formed, with experimentaly defined characteristics and calculated values of absorbed energy. Achieved results enable implementation of discretized models into the further designing proces...s where, through higher level of numerical analysis, we can get basic characteristics of superstructure modular rings. Finally, assumed methodology has been confirmed with experimental verification on real physical model of superstructure modular ring.

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Машински факултет
Date:
21-06-2012
Keywords:
autobus / bus / pasivna bezbednost / prevrtanje / usmereno projektovanje / plastični zglob / apsorbovana energija / passive safety / rollover / redirected design / plastic hinge / absorbed energy

DOI: 10.2298/bg20120621mitic

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Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2280
URI
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/2280
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=353
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