Integralna metodologija vrednovanja arhitektonskog nasleđa 20. veka, studije slučaja urbanih vila prve polovine 20. veka u Sarajevu

Abstract

U poslednjim decenijama svedočimo o rastućem interesu struke i javnosti za arhitektonsko nasleđe 20. veka zajedno sa usponom zabrinutost oko njegovog očuvanja. Izazov očuvanja i zaštite arhitektonskog nasleđa ovog perioda leži u očuvanju celokupne originalnosti objekata i zamisli arhitekata prilagođavajući ih novim standardima savremenih uslova života, kroz adekatnu zaštitu i obnovu. U potrazi za kriterijima vrednovanja arhitektonskog nasleđa 20. veka sprovedena je analiza međunarodnih povelja, dokumenata, deklaracija i regionalnih dokumenata o zaštiti i očuvanju arhitektonskog nasleđa i nasleđa 20. veka. Istraživanje je sprovedeno kroz pregled rada i bibliografije ključnih organizacija koje se bave identifikacijom i vrednovanjem arhitektonskog nasleđa 20. veka. Unapređenjem postojećih metodologija razvijena je integralna metodologija vrednovanja arhitektonskog nasleđa 20. veka. Kriteriji prikazani u ovom radu sublimirani su u službi integralnog metodološkog aparata na osnovu kojeg je moguće identifikovati i vrednovati nasleđe od značaja. Fokus ove doktorske disertacije je tipologija urbanih vila prostornog okvira grada Sarajeva prve polovine 20. veka. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u cilju identifikovanja urbanih vila kao vrednog dela bosanskohercegovačkog nasleđa. Kroz pregled urbanih vila izdvojene su studije slučaja koje je na osnovu integralne metodologije moguće vrednovati i za koje je na osnovu nivoa autentičnosti i integriteta moguće kreirati plan očuvanja.

In recent decades, we have witnessed a growing interest of the profession and the public in 20th century architectural heritage, along with a concern regarding its preservation. The challenge of preserving and protecting architectural heritage of this period lies in preserving the whole originality of buildings and the ideas of architects adapting them to new standards of modern living conditions, through adequate protection and restoration. In search for the criteria for valorization of the architectural heritage of the 20th century, an analysis of international charters, documents, declarations and regional documents on the protection and preservation of architectural heritage and the heritage of the 20th century was conducted. The research was carried out through a review of the work and bibliography of key organizations dealing with the identification and value assesment of the architectural heritage of the 20th century. By improving the existing methodologies, an integral methodology for valuation the architectural heritage of the 20th century has been developed. The criteria presented in this doctoral thesis were sublimated in the official integral methodological apparatus on the basis of which it is possible to identify and valorize the heritage of significance. In this doctoral dissertation, the focus is on the typology of urban villas in the spatial framework of the city of Sarajevo of the first half of the 20th century. The research was conducted in order to identify urban villas as a valuable part of the Bosnia and Herzegovina's heritage. Through the review of urban villas, case studies were singled out which, based on the integral methodology, can be valorized and for which, based on the level of authenticity and integrity, it is possible to create a preservation plan.