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Racial Trauma and Cultural Contexts in Contemporary American Literature and Visual Arts on selected examples by Toni Morrison, Betye Saar, Kara Walker and Lorna Simpson Травма расизма и культурных контекстов в современной американской литературе и изобразительном искусстве на избранных примерах Тони Морисон, Бети Сар, Кэри Уокер и Лорна Симпсон

dc.contributor.advisorMacura, Sergej
dc.contributor.otherŠuica, Nikola
dc.creatorNikšić, Lejla М.
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-03T21:14:38Z
dc.date.available2023-03-03T21:14:38Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-06
dc.identifier.urihttps://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=9021
dc.identifier.urihttps://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:28141/bdef:Content/download
dc.identifier.urihttps://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/sr/sr/bib/108444937
dc.identifier.urihttps://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/21274
dc.description.abstractRad se bavi istraživanjem traume rasizma u savremenoj američkoj knjževnosti i vizuelnim umetnostima na odabranim primerima četiri istaknute autorke Toni Morison, Beti Sar, Kare Voker i Lorne Simpson. Problem rasne traume u književnom i likovnom opusu odabranih autorki posmatramo u sklopu kulturoloških konteksta studija traume kao polazišta oblikovanja savremenog afroameričkog identiteta. Osnovna građa ispituje se kroz prizmu studija traume kao mesta susreta psihologije, antropologije, istorije i umetnosti. Formiranje ideološke predstave o rasnom Drugom u američkoj istoriji, istražili smo kroz nasleđenu kulturnu traumu ropskog položaja afroameričke manjine, kasniju segregaciju pod zakonima Džima Kroa i rasističke predstave u popularnoj kulturi. Ideologija rasizma, tvorevina je modernog doba i vezuje se za 19. vek, antropološka i biološka naučna istraživanja. Biološki rasizam opravdava potčinjavanje određenih populacija na osnovu prirodne i urođene navodne inferiornosti, intelektualnih, telesnih i moralnih karakteristika. Kulturni rasizam preuzima ovu formulu rasne diskriminacije i stereotipa, razvijajući ideju o višim i nižim kulturama, civilizacijama i narodima. Revizija prošlosti i traumatičnih iskustava uspostavlja se u umetničkim istraživanjima i kulturnim praksama odabranih umetnica kroz produbljivanje i povezivanje ličnih i kolektivnih iskustava, procese transgeneracijskog prenosa traume u porodici i zajednici, kroz formiranje nacionalnog i kulturnog pamćenja traumatičnih istorija, stradanja i brutalnosti, ali i progovaranja i pokretanja dijaloga u mejnstrim kulturi. Umetnička produkcija marginalizovanih grupa pruža mogućnost produbljivanja svesti američkog društva, kritiku mejnstrim narativa kao i izgradnju snažnog kontranarativa dominantnoj beloj kulturi. Kvaliteti ovih umetničkih napora se ogledaju u emancipatorskim porukama koji obuhvataju širi opseg uticaja od svog kulturnog miljea, postižući univerzalne težnje. Mapiranje i artikulacija rasne traume zahteva interdisciplinarne prakse koje redefinišu crni kulturni identitet kroz igre rečima, parodiju, fragmentaciju slike i teksta. Toni Morison je kroz svoj književni rad pokrenula pitanja crnog ženskog identiteta u američkom društvu. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo jedan deo opusa Toni Morison od četiri romana: Voljena, Sula, Najplavlje oko i Žena u belom. Kroz analizu primarnog teksta klasifikovali smo teme individualne i nasleđene traume, traume u detinjstvu, PTSD (posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja), rascepa ličnosti, rasne i rodne diskriminacije i procese formiranja identiteta. Rodna, rasna i klasna opresija neke su od glavnih tema književnih i likovnih istraživanja afroameričkih umetnica, koje na ovaj način uspostavljaju vidljivost crnog ženskog tela u američkom društvu. Sledeći deo rada posvećen likovnim praksama istražuje genezu tema roda i rase kroz različite umetničke izraze i generacije umetnika. Od rehabilitacije stereotipne figure dadilje u umetničkom radu Beti Sar, preko identitetskih manipulacija fotografije i teksta Lorne Simpson, do parodičnih i uznemirujućih zazornih prizora Kare Voker, pratimo liniju razvoja i odnosa prema rasnoj traumi u američkoj kulturi. U sedmom poglavlju dajemo osvrt na odnos vizuelne i literarne reprezentacije traumatičnih istorija i događaja. Umetničko suočavanje sa bolnim sadržajima predstavlja estetsko svedočanstvo koje se upisuje u kolektivnu svest i predstavlja oslobađajuće narative koji podstiču katarzu celokupnog društva od potisnutih trauma i nasilnih politika razdvajanja i diskriminacije. Zaključna razmatranja pružaju opšti pregled istražene teme i ukazuju na središte rasne traume u umetničkim praksama kao jedan od najznačajnijih tokova emancipacije perifernih zajednica koje postepeno zauzimaju značajne pozicije u društvu i globalnim politikama.sr
dc.description.abstractThis thesis explores the trauma of racism in contemporary American literature and visual arts on selected examples of four prominent authors Toni Morrison, Betye Saar, Kara Walker and Lorna Simpson. The problem of racial trauma in literary and artistic opus of selected authors we observe within the cultural contexts of the study of trauma as the starting point for the formation of contemporary African-American identity. The basics of the material are followed through the prism of the study of trauma as a meeting place of psychology, anthropology, history and art. The formation of an ideological notion of a racial Other in American history, we explored through the inherited cultural trauma of the enslaved position of the African-American minority, the later segregation under the laws of Jim Crowe, and the racist foresight in popular culture. Ideology of racism represents a creation of modern age and is associated with the 19th century anthropological and biological scientific research. Biological racism justifies the subjugation of certain populations on the basis of the natural and innate alleged inferiority of intellectual, physical and moral characteristics. Cultural racism adopts this formula of racial discrimination and stereotypes developing the idea of higher and lower cultures, civilizations and peoples. Revision of the past and traumatic experiences is established in the artistic research and cultural practices of selected artists, deepening and connecting personal and collective experiences, processes of transgenerational transmission of trauma in the family and community, through the formation of national and cultural memory of traumatic histories of suffering and brutality, but also speaking out and initiating dialogue in mainstream culture. The artistic production of marginalized groups provides an opportunity to deepen the consciousness of American society, critique mainstream narratives as well as build a strong counter-narratives to the dominant white culture. The qualities of these artistic endeavors are reflected in emancipatory messages that encompass a wider range of influences from their cultural milieu and achieve universal aspirations. Mapping and articulating racial trauma requires interdisciplinary practices that redefine black cultural identity through play with words, parody, image and text fragmentation. Toni Morison has raised issues of black female identity in American society through her literary work. The research included four novels: Beloved, Sula, The Bluest Eye, God Help the Child. Through the analysis of the primary text, we classified the topics of individual and inherited trauma, childhood trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, personality cleavage, racial and gender discrimination, and identity formation processes. Gender, racial and class oppression are some of the main themes of the literary and visual research of African American artists, which in this way establish the visibility of the black female body in American society. The next part of the thesis is dedicated to art practices and explores the genesis of gender and race themes through different artistic expressions and generations of artists. From the rehabilitation of the stereotypical mammy figure in the Betye Saar artwork, through Lorna Simpson’s identity manipulations of photography and text to Kara Walker’s parodic and disturbing scenes, we follow the line of development and attitudes toward racial trauma in American culture. In the seventh chapter we give an overview of the relationship between the visual and literary representations of traumatic histories and events. Artistic confrontation with painful contents is a testimony that is inscribed in the collective consciousness and represents liberating narratives that encourage the catharsis of society as a whole from repressed traumas and violent policies of separation and discrimination. Concluding remarks give a general overview of the researched topic and point to the center of racial trauma in artistic practices as one of peripheral communities that are gradually occupying important positions in society and global politics.en
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.languagesr
dc.publisherУниверзитет у Београду, Филолошки факултетsr
dc.rightsopenAccessen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.sourceУниверзитет у Београдуsr
dc.subjecttraumasr
dc.subjecttraumaen
dc.subjectrasizamsr
dc.subjectseksizamsr
dc.subjectafroamerički kulturni identitetsr
dc.subjectumetnička produkcijasr
dc.subjectToni Morisonsr
dc.subjectBeti Sarsr
dc.subjectKara Vokersr
dc.subjectLorna Simpsonsr
dc.subjectracismen
dc.subjectsexismen
dc.subjectAfroAmerican cultural identityen
dc.subjectart productionen
dc.subjectToni Morrisonen
dc.subjectBetye Saaren
dc.subjectKaraWalkeren
dc.subjectLorna Simpsonen
dc.titleTrauma rasizma i kulturološki konteksti u savremenoj američkoj književnosti i vizuelnim umetnostima na odabranim primerima autorki Toni Morison, Beti Sar, Kare Voker i Lorne Simpsonsr
dc.title.alternativeRacial Trauma and Cultural Contexts in Contemporary American Literature and Visual Arts on selected examples by Toni Morrison, Betye Saar, Kara Walker and Lorna Simpson Травма расизма и культурных контекстов в современной американской литературе и изобразительном искусстве на избранных примерах Тони Морисон, Бети Сар, Кэри Уокер и Лорна Симпсонen
dc.typedoctoralThesis
dc.rights.licenseBY-NC-SA
dc.identifier.fulltexthttp://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/149981/Disertacija_13345.pdf
dc.identifier.fulltexthttp://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/152698/Referat.pdf
dc.identifier.rcubhttps://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_21274


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