Dvodimenzionalna geometrijska morfometrija prvih gornjih molara hominina sa teritorije Srbije - taksonomska i metodološka analiza
Two-dimensional geometric morphometrics of hominin upper first molars from the territory of Serbia - a taxonomic and methodological analysis
Author
Radović, PredragMentor
Bogićević, Katarina
Committee members
Roksandić, MirjanaĐerić, Nevenka
Nenadić, Draženko
Radulović, Barbara
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Primarni cilj ove studije tiče se taksonomske identifikacije fosilnih prvih gornjih molara (M1)
hominina pronađenih u Srbiji, primenom metoda dvodimenzionalne (2D) geometrijske
morfometrije. U prvoj (metodološkoj) fazi istraživanja ispitana je efikasnost 16 različitih
pristupa (geometrijskih modela) u klasifikaciji M1 neandertalaca i anatomski modernog
čoveka. Modeli su testirani na dva seta okluzalnih projekcija krunica (n = 34 i n = 64) dobijenih
orijentisanjem digitalnih 3D modela u virtuelnom okruženju ili fotografisanjem fizičkih
primeraka zuba. Prilikom testiranja primenjena je klasifikacija zasnovana na linearnoj
diskriminantnoj analizi (LDA) sa unakrsnom validacijom (jackknifing), gde su kao varijable
korišćeni setovi glavnih komponenti (PC) koji kumulativno opisuju ≥ 90% totalne varijanse.
Modeli su ispitani uporedo u prostorima oblika i forme. Najefikasniji modeli (sa najvišim
stopama tačnih klasifikacija) primenjeni su u narednoj fazi studije. Identifikacije fosilnih
molara ...iz pleistocenskih slojeva pećina Pešturine (Pes-3) i Velike Balanice (BH-4 i BH-6)
izvršena je primenom modela sa oznakama Komb3A i FragA, na proširenim uzorcima.
Rezultati LDA klasifikacija bez izuzetka pokazuju da su svi ispitani molari pripadali
neandertalcima, što potvrđuje prisustvo ove grupe drevnih hominina na teritoriji današnje
Srbije tokom srednjeg i kasnog dela pleistocenske epohe. Zajedno sa drugim nalazima iz sloja
3a Velike Balanice (čija je starost procenjena na čak 369–211 hiljada godina), zub BH-4
predstavlja verovatno najraniji fosilni zapis neandertalaca na Balkanu. Upadljiva morfološka
sličnost primerka BH-4 i Sima de los Huesos uzorka (starosti oko 430 hiljada godina)
predstavlja indikaciju vrlo rane ekspanzije neandertalaca sa zapada ka istoku Evrope.
The primary goal of this study concerns the taxonomic identification of hominin fossil upper
first molars (M1) found in Serbia, using the methods of two-dimensional (2D) geometric
morphometrics. In the first (methodological) phase of the research, the efficiency of 16
different approaches (geometric models) to the classification of Neanderthal and anatomically
modern human M1s was examined. The models were tested on two sets of occlusal projections
of crowns (n = 34 and n = 64) obtained by orienting digital 3D models in a virtual environment
or by photographing physical specimens of teeth. During the testing, a classification based on
linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with cross-validation (jackknifing) was applied, where sets
of principal components (PCs) were used as variables, cumulatively describing ≥ 90% of the
total variance. The models were tested both in shape space and form space. The most efficient
models (with the highest correct classification rates) were applied in the ne...xt phase of the study.
Identifications of fossil molars from the Pleistocene strata of Pešturina (Pes-3) and Velika
Balanica caves (BH-4 and BH-6) were performed using models designated Komb3A and
FragA, using expanded samples. The results of LDA classifications, without exception, show
that all examined molars belonged to Neanderthals, which confirms the presence of this ancient
hominin group on the territory of today's Serbia during the middle and late parts of the
Pleistocene epoch. Together with other finds from Layer 3a of Velika Balanica (the age of
which is estimated at 369–211 ka), the BH-4 tooth is probably the earliest fossil record of
Neanderthals in the Balkans. The striking morphological similarity between the BH-4
specimen and the Sima de los Huesos sample (about 430 ka old) represents an indication of a
very early Neanderthal expansion from Western to Eastern Europe.