Ekološka bezbednost pojedinca, zajednice, nacije kao i globalna bezbednost životne sredine sve više je ugrožena. Pretnje su višestruke i uglavnom su proizvod ljudskih aktivnosti. Zagađenje vazduha, vode, zemljišta, ozonskog omotača i rizik od velikih ekoloških akcidenata prisutni su širom sveta. Zbog toga potreba zaštite vazduha od zagađenja, obezbeđenje kvaliteta života i očuvanje ekološkog potencijala životne sredine postaje jedan od imperativa razvoja savremenog društva. Sprečavanje zagađenja, saniranje već zagađenog vazduha, a time i vraćanje životne sredine u njeno izvorno stanje, zahteva preduzimanje i sprovođenje niza aktivnosti. U osnovi tih aktivnosti jeste poznavanje izvora emisija zagađujućih materija i njihovih specifičnosti.
Otklanjanje posledica emisije štetnih gasova je deo procesa upravljanja rizikom koje imaju za cilj praćenje krizne situacije, obnavljanje i sanaciju životne sredine, vraćanje u prvobitno stanje, kao i uklanjanje opasnosti od mogućnosti ponovnognastan...ka udesa.
U doktorskoj disertaciji, dato je obrazloženje predmeta istraživanja, navodeći aktuelnost i doprinos istraživanja u oblasti primene modelovanja kod emisije opasnih materija u akcidentnim situacijama. Danas postoji više modela koji omogućavaju proračun prizemne koncentracije aerozagađenja u oblasti izvora zagađenja. Smatra se da postoji oko 120 modela različitog nivoa složenosti i namene. Modelovanje može da nađe primenu kao osnovni matematički alat podrške pri ranom reagovanju i upravljanju s ciljem preciznog vremenskog upozorenja i postupanja, čime bi se sprečilo ugrožavanje velikog broja ljudi, živog sveta, imovine, životne sredine i prirodnih resursa. Predmet disertacije daje rešenje za dva izražena problema kod akcidentnih situacija. Prvi problem se odnosi na proračunavanje širenja ekscesnih aerozagađenja u kojima se emituju enormne količine opasnih supstanci u atmosferu, a drugi problem je adekvatna podrška ljudima koji po prirodi posla prvi reaguju na akcidentne situacije rizikujući pri tome i svoje živote.
Kao rezultat disertacije je i softversko rešenje koje omogućava prepoznavanje intenziteta, obima i posledica opasnosti od strane onih koji reaguju na akcident, čime bi bila unapređena njihova efikasnost u smislu zaštite zdravlja i života ugroženog stanovništva.
U naučnom smislu disertacija daje doprinos u praćenju kretanja aerozagađenja na celokupnom kontaminiranom prostoru posle akcidenta kao i da proceni krajnje domete zagađenja.
The ecological security of the individual, the community, the nation as
well as the global security of the environment is increasingly endangered. The
threats are multiple and are mainly the product of human activities. Degradation of
air, water, soil, the ozone layer and the risk of major environmental accidents are
present around the world. Therefore, the need to protect the air from pollution,
ensure the quality of life and preserve the ecological potential of the environment is
becoming one of the imperatives for the development of modern society. Prevention
of pollution, remediation of already polluted air, and thus return of the environment
to its original state, requires undertaking and implementation of a series of
activities. The basis of these activities is the knowledge of the sources of emissions
of pollutants and their specifics.
Eliminating the consequences of harmful gas emissions is part of the risk
management process aimed at monitoring the crisis situation..., restoring and
rehabilitating the environment, restoring it to its original state, as well as
eliminating the danger of the possibility of an accident recurrence.
In the doctoral dissertation, an explanation of the subject of research is given,
stating the topicality and contribution of research in the field of application of
modeling in the emission of hazardous substances in accident situations. Today,
there are several models that allow the calculation of the ground concentration of
air pollution in the area of pollution sources. It is estimated that there are about 120
models of different levels of complexity and purpose. Modeling can be used as a
basic mathematical tool to support early response and management with the aim of precise time warning and action, which would prevent endangering large numbers
of people, wildlife, property, environment and natural resources. The subject of the
dissertation provides a solution to two pronounced problems in accident situations.
The first problem refers to the calculation of the spread of excessive air pollution in
which enormous amounts of dangerous substances are emitted into the atmosphere,
and the second problem is adequate support for people who are the first to react to
accident situations at the risk of their lives.
As a result of the dissertation, there is a software solution that enables the
recognition of the intensity, scope and consequences of the danger by those who
react to the accident, which would improve their efficiency in terms of protecting
the health and life of the endangered population.
In the scientific sense, the dissertation contributes to monitoring the movement of
air pollution in the entire contaminated area after the accident, as well as to assess
the final reach of pollution.
Faculty:
Криминалистичко-полицијски универзитет
Date:
29-04-2022
Keywords:
aerozagađenje / modelovanje / akcident / informatička podrška / rano reagovanje / air pollution / modeling / accident / IT support / early response
