Efikasnost grupnih fitnes programa na zdravstveni fitnes žena

Abstract

Primary aim of research was to establish effects of group fitness programs to women's health fitness. Research subjects were 90 women, aged 25–35, divided into three equal sub-samples. Е1 – Zumba program (n=30), Е2 – Fitness program (n=30), K – control group (n=30). All subjects underwent initial and final measuring in form of tests of body composition (12 parameters), flexibility assessment (3 tests), muscle fitness tests (3 tests) and cardio-respiratory fitness tests (5 tests). Upon finalisation of experimental procedure in duration of 12 weeks, in majority of parameters were observed statistically significant changes. At initial measuring were established certain differences between the groups only in parameters of body composition, namely in left leg fats and upper body fats, whereas the variables of muscle fitness, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness were without significant differences. At final measuring there were no statistically significant differences observed in tests of flexibility assessment, whereas in body composition the differences were observed in six parameters, in muscle fitness in all tests and in cardio-respiratory fitness in three variables. Positive effects of experimental program were established in assessment of body composition in all parameters except total right arm weight. Participants in Zumba program achieved better results except in variables of right and left arm fats where participants in Fitness program preceded. In terms of variables. In variables related to assessment of fitness components participants of Fitness program achieved better results in comparison to participants in Zumba program. In variables related to assessment of muscle fitness participants in Zumba program were superior in assessment of maximum strength and force in squat and participants in Fitness program in repetitive arm strength and upper body strength and maximum force and strength in push from chest. In cardio-respiratory fitness no significant differences were observed between pulse under and without load. Zumba program was more effective in systolic and diastolic pressure parameter and Fitness program in maximum oxygen consumption. Both programs were significantly more effective in comparison to the control group in all measured variables. Establishing the real effects of such exercising programs is significant on multiple levels in both theory and practice because the effects of group fitness programs of different intensity to parameters of health fitness (strength, body composition, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness) were established in exact manner. In this research it was established which experimental program was more effective in improving the parameters of women's health fitness for participants who undertook this form of exercising.