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Ispitivanje povezanosti oksidativnog stresa i lipidnog statusa kod krava sa supkliničkim mastitisom izazvanim sa bakterijom Staphylococcus aureus

Relationship between oxidative stress parameters and lipid status of cows with subclinical mastitis caused by bacteria Staphylococcus aureus

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Author
Nedić, Svetlana
Mentor
Vakanjac, Slobodanka
Committee members
Jović, Slavoljub
Borozan, Sunčica
Katić, Vera
Samardžija, Marko
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Abstract
Iako su mastitisi veoma aktuelna tema istraživanja, oni su i dalje jedno od najvažnijih oboljenja mlečnih krava koje prouzrokuje velike ekonomske gubitke u govedarskoj proizvodnji širom sveta. Tokom mastitisa smanjena je produkcija mleka, visoki su troškovi lečenja, mleko se odbacuje zbog upotrebe antimikrobnih preparata, a krave se često prevremeno isključuju iz proizvodnje. Zbog svojih fenotipskih i genotipskih osobina, Staphylococcus aureus ima veliki značaj u etiologiji oboljenja mlečne žlezde. Infekcije mlečne žlezde bakterijom S. aureus uglavnom su po toku supkliničke, sa povećanim brojem somatskih ćelija (eng. somatic cell count - SCC), bez vidljivih promena u mleku i na vimenu, teško se otkrivaju i imaju veoma nisku stopu izlečenja. Jednom inficirana životinja može izlučivati uzročnika infekcije tokom više laktacija, a i nakon oporavka četvrti inficiranih bakterijom S. aureus postoji velika mogućnost reinfekcije. Nakon što patogeni mikroorganizmi prodru u mlečnu žlezdu, bakteri...jski toksini, enzimi i komponente ćelijskog zida direktno utiču na funkciju epitelnih ćelija mlečne žlezde, ali takođe stimulišu brojne medijatore inflamacije. Zahvaljujući promenama u vaskularnom endotelu, polimorfonuklearni leukociti, kao što su neutrofili i makrofage, migriraju ka žarištu infekcije i infiltriraju mesto trauma, čime se značajno povećava SCC u mleku. Smatra se da neutrofilni granulociti doprinose eliminaciji bakterija, pre svega fagocitozom i intracelularnim ubijanjem, kao i oslobađanjem reaktivnih kiseoničnih vrsta (eng. reactive oxygen species - ROS) i antimikrobnih polipeptida. Nastale ROS oštećuju bakterije, ali ukoliko njihov nastanak prevaziđe mogućnost antioksidativne zaštite organizma da ih neutrališe nastaje oksidativni stres i, u zavisnosti od dužine i težine zapaljenskog procesa, manja ili veća oštećenje ćelija i tkiva domaćina. Detaljnije razumevanje veze između oksido-redukcionog statusa organizma i pojave mastitisa krava moglo bi dovesti do razvoja efikasnijih strategija u prevenciji ovog oboljenja. Ispitivanje parametara oksidativnog statusa krava sa mastitisom može doprineti boljem poznavanju patofiziologije mastitisa i ranom otkrivanju bolesti kako bi se blagovremeno započela terapija, smanjilo oštećenje vimena i pad proizvodnje mleka, a samim tim i ekonomski gubitci..

Despite being frequently targeted in research, mastitis in cows has globally been contributing to high economic losses in dairy production. During mastitis, milk production is reduced, there are huge costs of therapy, milk discharge due to antibiotic use and premature culling of cows. Due to its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, Staphylococcus aureus is of great importance in the etiology of mammary gland diseases. S. aureus infections of the mammary gland are mostly subclinical, with an increased somatic cell count (SCC), without visible changes in the milk and udder. They are difficult to detect and have a very low cure rate. Infected animals can excrete the pathogen during multiple lactations, and even after the recovery, there is a high possibility of reinfection with S. aureus. On the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the mammary gland, bacterial toxins, enzymes and cell wall components have a direct impact on the function of mammary gland epithelial cells, but... they also stimulate numerous mediators of inflammation. Owing to the changes in the vascular endothelium polymorphonuclear leukocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages migrate to the site of infection and infiltrate the site of trauma, significantly increasing SCC in milk. Neutrophils are thought to contribute to the elimination of bacteria, primarily by phagocytosis and intracellular killing, as well as the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial polypeptides. The resulting ROS are harmful to bacteria, but if their occurrence exceeds the possibility of neutralization by the body's antioxidant protection, oxidative stress occurs and depending on the length and severity of the inflammatory process, damage to host cells and tissues. A more detailed understanding of the connection between the oxidation-reduction status of the organism and the occurrence of mastitis could lead to the development of more effective strategies in the prevention of this disease. Evaluation of the oxidative status parameters of cows with mastitis can contribute to a better knowledge of the pathophysiology of mastitis and early detection of the disease, enable the beginning of therapy in time, reduce udder damage and decline in milk production, and thus economic losses...

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Факултет ветеринарске медицине
Date:
23-02-2021
Keywords:
mastitis / mastitis / Staphylococcus aureus / oxidative stress / cows / Staphylococcus aureus / oksidativni stres / krave
[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18212
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=8070
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:23533/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=35544073
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/18212

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