Procena rizika za koštane prelome kod žena sa postmenopauznom osteoporozom

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and changes in bone tissue microarchitecture with consequent suspectability in bone fracture. In medical literature, many risk factors for fractures are descibed. WHO after many multicentric studies integrated most important risk factors for fracture in FRAX Questionnaire, which has not been tested so far in women's population in Serbia. Finding the most important singular risk factor for fracture in our population of postmenopausal women, and cummulative contribution of few most important risk factors for fractures, will contribute to adequate choice of curable postmenopausal osteoporosis and prevention from bone fractures. The aim of this study is to determine conection between risk factors for fracfures and fractures in postmenopausal women's population; to determine which of those factors are the most important for osteoporotic fractures in examined postmenopausal women's population. Section study of 529 postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis or osteopenia was performed. Following fracfure risk factors were examined: age, time of menarha and menopause, antropometric parameters (body height, body weight, BMI), reduction of body height, value of T score measured at the predilection sites, lactation period, smoking, using corticosteroids, early diseases and early fractures, family history of fractures and parity. Results show that age, early disease including using corticosteroids, T score and smoking are leading risk factors for fracfures at postmenopausal women. Two of examined risk factors can highly contribute to developing fractures in examined postmenopausal women's population. It this research it is showed that cut off T score from < -2,5 SD, which is used for diagnosing osteopeorosis is not adequate to estimate risk factor for fracture; we suggest testing T score value of < -2,8 SD in future. Mathematical processing of T score at tree sites at the same time (L1-4, femur neck and femur-total) in order to estimate fracture risk factor, we find new formula that we called NS index, which can predict new fracture in postmenopausal women's population with probability of 61,24 percents, which is more percent probability than measuring T score at one site.