Rasprostranjenje cijanobakterija u površinskim vodama namenjenim za vodosnabdevanje i rekreaciju u Srbiji

Abstract

Predmet ove doktorske disertacije jeste procena diverziteta cijanobakterija u vodama koje se se koriste za vodosnabdevanje i rekreaciju. U tu svrhu, napravljena je baza podataka rezultata mikroskopskih analiza, dopunjena podacima iz publikovane literature. U periodu 2012-2017.god., analizirano je ukupno 503 uzorka, uzetih sa 35 odabranih lokaliteta, pri čemu je identifikovano 148 taksona. Zajedno sa podacima iz 119 pregledanih naučnih publikacija, zabeleženo je ukupno 328 taksona cijanobakterija (iz 84 roda, 28 familija i 6 redova) za ispitivanu grupu voda. Među njima, preovlađuju predstavnici reda Synechococcales (~35%), dok dominira homocitna forma cijanobakterija (~47%). Osim toga, 77 taksona se može okarakterisati kao potencijalno toksično, dok se 9 vrsta smatra invazivnim. Posebna pažnja posvećena je vrstama koje su potencijalno toksične i/ili invazivne, pošto njihova intenzivna proliferacija može predstavljati rizik po zdravlje ljudi i životnu sredinu. U tu svrhu, kao deo istraživanja, analizirana je vremenska dinamika (nedeljna, mesečna i godišnja) cijanobakterija unutar zajednice fitoplanktona, kao i veza sredinskih faktora i cijanobakterija/fitoplanktona u Savskom jezeru, akumulaciji Pariguz i reci Dunav, ali i pojave mikrocistina u akumulaciji Pariguz. Tri ispitivana vodna tela se značajno razlikuju po opštim karakteristikama, hemijskom sastavu vode i dinamici zajednice fitoplanktona. Ipak, povećana mutnoća vode se izdvaja kao faktor koji bi mogao imati važnu ulogu u favorizovanju potencijalno štetnih taksona. Shodno tome, povećanje providnosti vode predstavlja neophodan preduslov za efikasnije upravljanje vodama i kontrolu razvoja vrsta štetnih po zdravlje ljudi i životnu sredinu, poput Limnothrix redekei, Planktothrix agardhii i Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii.

supply and recreation. In this regard, a database obtained from the the results of microscopic analyzes was created, supplemented by data from the published literature. In the period between 2012-2017, a total of 503 samples were analyzed, taken from 35 selected localities, and 148 taxa was identified. Together with data from 119 scientific publications, a total of 328 cyanobacterial taxa (belonging to 84 genera, 28 families and 6 orders) were recorded for the investigated group of water bodies. Among them, representatives of the order Synechococcales (~ 35%) predominate, while the homocytic form of cyanobacteria (~ 47%) prevailes. In addition, 77 taxa could be characterized as potentially toxic, while 9 species are considered invasive. Special attention has been paid to species characterized as potentially toxic and/or invasive, as their excesive proliferation can pose a risk to human and environmental health. For this purpose, as part of the study, the temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria (weekly, monthly and annual) within the phytoplankton community has been analyzed, as well as their relationship with environmental factors in the Sava Lake, the Pariguz reservoir and the Danube River and, additionally, the occurrence of microcystins in the Pariguz reservoir. The three observed water bodies differ significantly regarding their general characteristics, water chemistry and dynamics of the phytoplankton community. Nevertheless, high water turbidity stands out as a factor that could play an important role in favoring potentially harmful taxa. Thus, increasing water transparency could be a necessary precondition for efficient water management in terms of controling the development of species harmful to human and environmental health, such as Limnothrix redekei, Planktothrix agardhii and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii.