Turizam i životna sredina u kontekstu održivog razvoja

Abstract

Predmet ove doktorske disertacije je kompleksno i sveobuhvatno istraživanje uticaja turizma na životnu sredinu, na primeru dva jugoslovenska turistička centra Budvanske rivijere i Nacionalnog parka Kopaonik. Prilikom istraživanja korišćeni su komparativni indikatori održivog turizma Evropske Unije, putem kojih se analizira razvoj turizma i njegovi uticaji na životnu sredinu u nizu evropskih zemalja. Na osnovu obavljene analize posredstvom indikatora EU, utvrđeni su i razrađeni najpogodniji instrumenti za upravljanje održivim turizmom, usklađenim sa zaštitom životne sredine i socio-kulturnim obeležjima lokalne zajednice. Rezultati istraživanja međusobnog odnosa turizma i životne sredine imaju naglašen aplikativni karakter i mogu poslužiti kao uputstvo za budući rad svih činilaca involviranih u probleme razvoja turizma i zaštite životne sredine - državni organi, turistička privreda, naučne i stručne institucije, domicilno stanovništvo, turisti. Rezultati ovih istraživanja mogu da pruže smernice i sugestije za donošenje planskih dokumenata neophodnih za razvoj turizma na nacionalnom, regionalnom i lokalnom nivou.

The abstract has been processed with OCR optical text recognition technology: he subject of this doctoral dissertation is a complex and comprehensive research of influcncesof tourismon environment, in cases of two Yugoslav tourist centres- the rivicra of Budva and the National park Kopaonik. In the researching process I used the comparative indicators of sustainable tourism of the European Union, by which tourism development and its impacts on environment arc being analysed in many European countries. Analysing impacts of tourism on environment, I used a comparative method and compared the experiences of Budva and the NP Kopaonik with the foreign destinations of the similar type, to achieve a complete view of risks and benefits which tourism produces in the environment. On the basis of the analysis caried out by the indicators of the EU, I defined and worked out the most suitable instruments for managing tourism, which will enable its sustainabledevelopment, harmonized with environmcntalprotection and social and cultural features of local communities. I paid special attention to an integral approach to tourist planning, spatial aspects of tourism development, programmes for managing the environment in tourist areas, economic instruments for environmental protection and tourism development, education and training of all participants in tourist activities, etc. Results of research of interrelationship between tourism and environment have a significant applicable character and can serve as a guidance for future work of all factors involved in issues of tourism development and environmental protection - authorities, business sector, scientific and experts institutions, local communities, tourists. Results of this researching process may give suggestionsand instructions for preparing important planning documents needed for tourism development on national, regional and local level.