Ispitivanje uticaja dodavanja srednjelančanih masnih kiselina na zdravstveno stanje, proizvodne rezultate i kvalitet mesa brojlera

Abstract

U okviru ove doktorske disertacije ispitivan je uticaj komercijalnog preparata Aromabiotika® koji sadrži četiri srednjelančane masne kiseline na zdravstveno stanje, proizvodne rezultate, parametre prinosa i kvalitet mesa brojlera. Ispitivanja su obavljena na tri grupe brojlera (Cobb 500), od kojih je kontrolna grupa hranjena u zavisnosti od uzrasta sa tri različite smeše hrane. Ogledne grupe su hranjene sa identičnim smešama kao i kontrolna grupa, ali sa dodatkom aromabiotika u količini koju je preporučio proizvođač. Razlika između hrane oglednih grupa bila je samo u tome što je ogledna grupa dva do 35. dana tova sadržavala i kokcidiostatik. Tov je trajao 42 dana. Rezultati doktorske disertacije odnose se na ispitivanje hemijskog i masnokiselinskog sastava aromabiotika i potpunih smeša za ishranu brojlera (starter, grover, finišer), na proizvodne rezultate (masa brojlera, prirast, konzumacija, konverzija) za pojedine faze i za ceo tov. U toku tova praćeno je i zdravstveno stanje brojlera. Posle završenog tova i klanja brojlera ispitivana je pH vrednost pojedinih segmenata creva (duodenuma, ileuma, cekuma) i njihove morfometrijske osobine. Izračunata je i korelaciona zavisnost između mase brojlera i morfometrijskih osobina pojedinih segmenata digestivnog trakta. Ispitivana je i mikrobiota digestivnog trakta i utvrđena je korelaciona zavisnost između završne mase brojlera i mikrobiote pojedinih segmenata digestivnog trakta. Analizirana je i koncentracija holesterola i triglicerida u krvi brojlera. Od parametara prinosa mesa izvršena su merenja trupova pre i posle hlađenja, izračunat je randman klanja. Posle rasecanja trupa merene su mase osnovnih delova (grudi, batak sa karabatakom, krila, vrat, leđa sa karlicom) i izračunato je njihovo učešće u masi trupa. Merena je i masa jetre. Urađena je i senzorna ocena mesa grudi i mesa bataka sa karabatakom. Za sva ispitivanja korištene su standardne i priznate metode sa dovoljnim brojem ponavljanja za statističku obradu podataka. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da srednjelančane masne kiseline, odnosno komercijalni preparat Aromabiotik® može da se koristi u ishrani brojlera kao promoter rasta u zamenu za antibiotike, da utiče na očuvanje zdravlja brojlera, poboljša proizvodne rezultate brojlera u tovu, parametre prinosa i kvaliteta mesa brojlera.

Within this PHD thesis the influence of the commercial preparation Aromabiotik® containing four medium chain fatty acids on the health condition, production results, yield parameters and quality of broilers meat was examined. The tests were carried out in three groups of broilers (Cobb 500), of which the control group was fed by three different foods which are age-dependent. The review groups are fed with identical mixtures as well as a control group, but with the addition of aromatic substances in the amount that are recommended by the manufacturer. The difference between feed of the experimental groups was only that the experimental group consisted of coccidiostatic from two to 35 days. This study lasted for 42 days. The results of the doctoral dissertation refer to the examination of the chemical and fatty acid composition of aromatic and complete mixtures for broiler feeding (starter, grower, finisher), on production results (weight of broilers, increase, consumption, conversion) for individual phases and for the whole fattening. During the fattening the health condition of broilers was also monitored. After completion of fattening and slaughtering broilers, the pH value of individual segments of the intestine (duodenum, ileum, caecum) and their morphometric properties was examined. The correlation dependence between the weight of the broiler and the morphometric properties of certain segments of the digestive tract was also calculated. The microbiota of the digestive tract was also examined and the correlation dependence between the final weight of the broiler and the microbiota of certain segments of the digestive tract was determined. The concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in the broiler blood count was also analyzed. Measuring parameters of the carcasses before and after cooling were made from the parameters of meat yield, the slaughter yield was calculated. After clearing the carcass, the masses of the basic parts were measured (breast, thigh and drumstick, wings, neck, back with pelvis) and their participation in the weight of the carcase was calculated. The weight of the liver was measured. A sensory evaluation of meat of the breast and thigh and drumstick been made. For all tests, standard and recognized methods with sufficient repetition rates were used for statistical data processing. The obtained results indicate that medium chain fatty acids, or commercialized preparations Aromabiotik® can be used in nutrition of broilers as a promoter of growth in exchange for antibiotics, to affect the health of broilers, improve the production results of broilers in fattening, yield parameters and quality of broiler meat.