Relacije između metoda za procenu voljnih i nevoljnih kontraktilnih karakteristika mišića
Relations between methods for assessment of voluntary and involuntary muscle contractile properties.
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Kontraktilne karakteristike mišića su izuzetan predmet interesovanja stručnjaka iz
oblasti sporta i sportskih nauka, ali i drugih srodnih stručnih i naučnih oblasti. Mišićne
kontrakcije mogu biti voljne ili nevoljne. Jedan od načina za procenu voljnih odnosno
nevoljnih (evociranih) mišićnih kontrakcija jeste metoda izokinetičke dinamometrije odnosno
tenziomiografije (TMG). Pregledom relevantne literature moţe se uočiti da je još uvek
nedovoljno jasna relacija između ovih metoda čijim proučavanjem se mogu dobiti saznanja
koja su od velikog značaja za sport, medicinu i kretanje uopšteno. U skladu sa tim, u ovom
istraţivanju su ispitivane relacije između izokinetičke dinamometrije i tenziomiografije kod
muškaraca i ţena različito utreniranih odnosno različitog nivoa ispoljavanja mišićne snage.
Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 159 osoba (84 muškaraca i 75 ţena) uzrasta 18 do 30 godina
podeljenih u subgrupe prema dva kriterijuma; prema utreniranosti (fizički aktivni, fizički
neaktivni, sportisti... iz brzinsko-snaţne grupe sportova, sportisti iz sportova izdrţljivosti,
sportisti iz grupe kolektivnih sportova) i prema nivou ispoljavanja mišićne snage
(ispodprosečno snaţni, prosečno snaţni, nadprosečno snaţni). Voljne mišićne kontrakcije
(prosečna snaga – Pavg, relativna prosečna snaga – RPavg, maksimalni moment sile – Tmax,
prosečan rad – Wavg) su merene metodom izokinetičke dinamometrije na mišićima
opruţačima i pregibačima zgloba kolena desne i leve noge u koncetričnom reţimu rada pri
brzinama od 60 i 180 ˚/s. Nevoljne mišićne kontrakcije (vreme kontrakcije – Tc, odloţeno
vreme kontrakcije – Td, vreme trajanja kontrakcije – Ts, maksimalno vertikalno pomeranje
mišića – Dm, vreme relaksacije – Tr, brzina kontrakcije – RMTD) su merene metodom
tenziomiografije (TMG) na mišićima rektus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus
medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF) i semitendinozus (ST) desne i leve noge. Od statističkih
procedura u radu je primenjena metoda deskriptivne statistike, Pirsonov koeficijent korelacije,
višestruka (multipla) linearna regresiona analiza i faktorska analiza...
Muscle contractile properties are of great interest to experts from the field of sport and
sports science, but also from other related professional and scientific fields. Muscle
contractions can be voluntary or involuntary. One of the ways to measure voluntary and
involuntary (evoked) muscle contractions are the methods of isokinetic dynamometry and
tensiomyography (TMG). By reviewing the relevant literature, it can be noticed that the
relationship between these methods is still unclear. Investigation of these relations can lead to
information which is of great importance for sport, medicine, and movement in general.
Accordingly, this study examined the relations between isokinetic dynamometry and
tensiomyography in men and women differently trained and different muscle power
manifestation level.
The sample of participants consisted of 159 persons (84 men and 75 women) aged 18 to
30 divided into subgroups according to two criteria; according to training level (physically
active, physic...ally inactive, athletes from strength and power sports, athletes from endurance
sports, athletes from team sports) and according to the muscle power manifestation level
(below average power manifestation level, average power manifestation level, above average
power manifestation level). Voluntary muscle contractions (average power – Pavg, relative
average power – RPavg, peak torque/moment – Tmax, average work – Wavg) were measured by
the method of isokinetic dynamometry on quadriceps and hamstring muscles of right and left
leg in concentric work regime at angular speeds of 60 and 180 ˚/s. Involuntary muscle
contractions (contraction time – Tc, delayed contraction time – Td, sustain time – Ts,
maximal displacement – Dm, relaxation time – Tr, rate of muscle tension development –
RMTD) were measured by the method of tensiomyography (TMG) on muscles rectus femoris
(RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus
(ST) of right and left leg. Of statistical analysis, a method of descriptive statistic, Pearson’s
correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression analysis, and factor analysis were used...