Karakteristike posla i struktura motivacije za rad zaposlenih u sektoru softverskog inženjerstva

Abstract

Najproduktivniji sektor i sektor koji se najbrže razvija u zemljama širom sveta je sektor informacionih tehnologija, posebno razvoj softvera. Jedna od kontroverzi kada je sektor razvoja softvera u pitanju predstavlja velika fluktuacija zaposlenih, uprkos uslovima posla koji su mnogo povoljniji u odnosu na zaposlene drugih struka. Istraživanje percepcije karakteristika posla i motivacije za rad se odvijalo u nekoliko faza. U prvoj fazi je provereno kako programeri i softverski inženjeri percipiraju svoje radno okruženje i uslove rada, u odnosu na inženjere srodnih struka. Nakon sprovedenih intervjua sa dve grupe ispitanika, došlo se do zaključka da se percepcija karakteristika posla u velikoj meri razlikuje kod programera i softverskih inženjera u odnosu na inženjere srodnih struka. Takođe, intervjui su doprineli i prvim uvidima u razlike u strukturi motivacije kod ove dve grupe ispitanika. Nakon što je ovo utvrđeno, pristupilo se pravljenju upitnika koji ispituje motivaciju za rad kod softverskih inženjera i programera, u cilju boljeg razumevanja njihove motivacije za rad, razloga zbog kojih napuštaju firme i omogućavanju još boljeg napretka ovog tržišta. Provera upitnika je pokazala da su metrijske karakteristike zadovoljavajuće. U radu je takođe diskutovan odnos motivacije za rad programera i softverskih inženjera u zavisnosti od brojnih demografskih i organizacionih varijabli

The most productive sector and sector that develops rapidly in countries around the world is the information technology sector, especially software development. One of the controversies when the software development sector in question is a large fluctuation of employees, despite working conditions that are much more favorable in relation to employees of other professions. The research of the characteristics of the work and the work motivation took place in several phases. First, it was checked how developers and software engineers perceived their work environment and working conditions, compared with engineers of related professions. After conducting interviews with two groups of respondents, it was concluded that the perception of the characteristics of the work differs greatly from programmers and software engineers compared to engineers of related professions. Also, the interviews contributed to the first insights into the differences in the motivation structure of these two groups of respondents. After this was established, a questionnaire was constructed in order to test the work motivation of software engineers and programmers in order to better understand their motivation for work and the reasons behind leaving companies so we can consequentially contribute to an even better progress in this market. Examination of the questionnaire resulted in very satisfactory results. The work also discusses the relationship of motivation for the work of programmers and software engineers, depending on numerous demographic and organizational variables