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Possibilities for alleviating the problem of food insecurityand poverty on the African continent throughGMO technology

dc.contributor.advisorBošković, Jelena
dc.contributor.otherTrkulja, Nenad
dc.contributor.otherProdanović, Radivoj
dc.contributor.otherBošković, Jelena
dc.creatorHyba Hamad Hyba, Hassan
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-23T09:42:38Z
dc.date.available2019-04-23T09:42:38Z
dc.date.available2020-07-03T18:19:53Z
dc.date.issued2019-04-02
dc.identifier.urihttps://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/11006
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/DownloadFileServlet/Disertacija155075515560534.pdf?controlNumber=(BISIS)110244&fileName=155075515560534.pdf&id=12633&source=NaRDuS&language=srsr
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110244&source=NaRDuS&language=srsr
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/DownloadFileServlet/IzvestajKomisije155075510802313.pdf?controlNumber=(BISIS)110244&fileName=155075510802313.pdf&id=12631&source=NaRDuS&language=srsr
dc.description.abstractAfrički kontinent se suočava sa ogromnim izazovima kao što su siromaštvo, bolesti, glad i prehrambena nesigurnost, što je dodatno pogoršano klimatskim promenama i brzim porastom stanovništva. Neki veruju da genetski modifikovani organizmi (GMO) i GM usevi mogu ponuditi deo rešenja za navedene probleme. Debata o GMO dobila je na značaju, s obzirom da su nedavne regulatorne izmene otvorile vrata za komercijalizaciju GM useva u nekim državama afričkog kontinenta. Međutim, nedovoljno se zna o mogućim uticajima GM useva na različite komponente afričke zajednice i na kvalitet života afričkog farmera. Cilj istraživanja je sagledati potencijalnu ulogu GM kultura u rešavanju nekih od sadašnjih i budućih izazova Afrike, uključujući uticaj biotehnologije na zdravlje ljudi, životnu sredinu, politiku i socioekonomiju i kvalitet života afričkog farmera. U istraživanje su uključene zemlje koje su komercijalizovale GM tehnologije, sprovode naučna istraživanja ili su u procesu razvoja regulatornih okvira i politika, koje se odnose na GM tehnologiju, uključujući Južnu Afriku, Burkinu Faso, Keniju, Nigeriju i druge zemlje. Uglavnom se koriste i obrađuju podaci sprovedenih studija među poljoprivrednim istraživačima, radnicima, državnim službenicima, nevladinim organizacijama, kreatorima politika i drugim, kao i publikacije međunarodnih organizacija od uticaja, poput Afričke unije, FAO i dr. Prikazani su i diskutovani rezultati praktičnih istraživanja, odnosno transformacije određenih transgena. Istraživanje se odnosi na implikacije uvođenja GM tehnologije u zemljama Afrike, kao i na analizu nivoa svesti, stavove, percepcije i prihvatanje GM useva među akterima i farmerima. U naučno-stručnoj javnosti preovladavaju pozitivni stavovi i percepcije prema genetski modifikovanim kulturama. Sagledavaju se promene vladinog i javnog stava, koji podržava GM tehnologije. Ipak, ne mali broj je onih koji izražavaju zabrinutost zbog potencijalnih okolišnih, trgovinskih i socio-ekonomskih efekata. Identifikovane su prepreke i predložene neophodne mere za uspešno široko usvajanje GM useva. Rezultati pokazuju da postoje značajne razlike po pitanju prihvatanja GM tehnologije, u zavisnosti od profesije, obrazovanja i nacionalnosti. Pored toga, demografski faktori kao što su pol, starost, poreklo, znanje o poljoprivredi i kulturološki faktori imali su uticaj na percepcije ispitanika o GM proizvodima. U većini slučajeva, postojale su značajne razlike u nivou svesti, povoljnim utiscima, percepcijama i prihvatanju GM useva među farmerima. U Južnoj Africi i Keniji većina farmera bila je svesna GM useva, dok je svest znatno niža među tanzanijskim i ugandskim farmerima. Ipak, većina farmera bi uzgajala GM useve, ako bi im se pružila prilika, jer veruju da GM usevi mogu pomoći poboljšanju njihovog standarda. Sve u svemu, većina farmera i aktera sa profesionalnim iskustvom su izrazili relativno visok nivo pozitivnih percepcija i prihvatanja genetski modifikovanih kultura. Opšti stav prema GMO, profesionalna orijentacija, obrazovni nivo i ponekad nacionalnost imaju najveći uticaj na percepciju aktera o GM tehnologiji u poljoprivredi. Rezultati istraživanja sugerišu da GM usevi mogu predstavljati komplementarno rešenje zajedno sa konvencionalnim praksama i održivom poljoprivredom, kao način da se reše ili ublaže neki problemi sa kojima se suočava Afrika. Ipak, uspešno široko rasprostranjeno usvajanje GM kultura može zahtevati niz mera, uključujući podizanje svesti, obrazovanje i poboljšane regulatornih, naučnih, tehničkih, ljudskih i infrastrukturnih kapaciteta.sr
dc.description.abstractThe African continent faces enormous challenges such as poverty, hunger and food insecurity, illness, further exacerbated by climate change and a rapid increase in population. Some believe that genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and GM crops can offer part of the solution to these problems. The debate on GMOs has gained significance, given that recent regulatory changes have opened the doors for the commercialization of GM plants in some countries of the African continent. However, it is not known enough about the possible effects of GM crops on the various components of the African community and the quality of life of an African farmer. The aim of the research is to examine the potential role of GM cultures in addressing some of the present and future challenges of Africa, including the impact of biotechnology on human health, the environment, politics and socioeconomics, the quality of life of an African farmer. The survey includes countries that have implemented or are in the process of developing regulatory frameworks and policies relating to GM technology, including South Africa, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Nigeria and other countries. It is mainly used and processed data from studies conducted among agricultural researchers, workers, civil servants, NGOs, policymakers and others, as well as publications of international influential organizations such as the African Union, FAO, etc. The results of practical research, or the transformation of certain transgenes, are also discussed. The research relates to the implications of the introduction of GM technology in countries in Africa, as well as on the analysis of the level of awareness, attitudes, perceptions and acceptance of GM crops among actors and farmers. Positive attitudes and perceptions towards genetically modified cultures prevail in the scientific-professional public. Changes in government and public opinion, supported by GM technologies, are being examined. However, not a small number of those expressing concern about potential environmental, commercial and socio-economic effects. Obstacles and proposed necessary measures for the successful adoption of GM crops were identified. The results show that there are significant differences in the acceptance of GM technology, depending on the profession, education and nationality. In addition, demographic factors such as gender, age, ancestry, knowledge of agriculture and cultural factors have had an impact on the perceptions of respondents about GM products. In most cases, there were significant differences in the level of awareness, favorable impressions, perceptions, and acceptance of GM crops among farmers. In South Africa and Kenya, most farmers were aware of GM crops, while consciousness was significantly lower among Tanzanian and Ugandan farmers. However, most farmers would grow GM crops if they were given the opportunity, because they believe GM crops can help improve their standard. All in all, most farmers and actors with professional experience have expressed a relatively high level of positive perceptions and acceptance of genetically modified cultures. The general attitude towards GMOs, professional orientation, educational level and sometimes nationality have the greatest impact on perceptions of GM stakeholders in agriculture. The results of the research suggest that GM crops can be a complementary solution along with conventional practices and sustainable agriculture, as a way to solve or alleviate some of the problems that Africa is facing. However, the successful widespread adoption of GM cultures may require a range of measures, including raising awareness, education and enhanced regulatory, scientific, technical, human and infrastructural capacities.en
dc.languagesr (latin script)
dc.publisherУниверзитет Привредна академија у Новом Саду, Факултет за економију и инжењерски менаџментsr
dc.rightsopenAccessen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.sourceУниверзитет Привредна академија у Новом Садуsr
dc.subjectGMO tehnologijasr
dc.subjectGMO technologiesen
dc.subjectagricultureen
dc.subjectbiotechnologyen
dc.subjectbiosafetyen
dc.subjectfoodinsecurityen
dc.subjectpovertyen
dc.subjectAfricaen
dc.subjectpoljoprivredasr
dc.subjectbiotehnologijasr
dc.subjectbiološkabezbednostsr
dc.subjectprehrambena nesigurnostsr
dc.subjectsiromaštvosr
dc.subjectAfrikasr
dc.titleMogućnosti ublažavanja problema prehrambene nesigurnosti i siromaštva na afričkom kontinentu putem GMO tehnologijesr
dc.title.alternativePossibilities for alleviating the problem of food insecurityand poverty on the African continent throughGMO technologyen
dc.typedoctoralThesisen
dc.rights.licenseBY-NC
dc.identifier.fulltexthttp://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/59252/Disertacija.pdf
dc.identifier.fulltexthttp://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/59253/IzvestajKomisije.pdf
dc.identifier.fulltexthttps://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/59253/IzvestajKomisije.pdf
dc.identifier.fulltexthttps://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/bitstream/id/59252/Disertacija.pdf
dc.identifier.rcubhttps://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_11006


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