Dobijanje biodizela korišćenjem katalizatora na bazi hemijski modifikovanog Al[sub]2O[sub]3 jedinjenjima kalijuma

Abstract

This dissertation is part of the research performed within the project ON 172061. Laboratories used: Laboratory for Applied and industrial chemistry and Laboratory for organic analysis and synthesis of the Department of Chemistry of the Faculty of Science and Mathematics in Nis, Laboratory of the Faculty of Technology in Novi Sad and Laboratories of the Institute for nuclear sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is chemical synthesis of the Al2O3-based catalyst in the form of powder. The catalysts were synthesized by modified (sol-gel, reflux and hydrothermal) method. In addition, the chemical modification of the catalyst based on Al2O3 was carried out with the selected dopant/modificator (KI). The optimal conditions for the synthesis, modification and activation of the catalyst, as well as the selection of precursors for the synthesis of the catalyst (aluminum-isopropoxide and aluminum-trisecbutoxide), were examined. Complete physico-chemical characterization of synthesized catalysts was performed (analysis of textural, structural, morphological, thermal and surface properties of catalysts). The catalysts were tested in the reaction of transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol. The influence of a large number of process parameters (reaction temperature, pressure, velocity and type of mixing, mass fraction of the catalyst, molar ratio of reactants, influence of co-solvent(s), etc.) on the reaction yield were studied. The kinetics of the reaction, the reuse of the catalyst, catalyst regeneration and the stability of the catalyst were examined. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized catalytic materials have been correlated to the catalytic activity in the reaction of transesterification of sunflower oil.