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Uticaj biljke domaćina na kriptičnu diferencijaciju populacija vektora Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret, 1865 (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) i epidemiološke puteve prenošenja 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani'

Cixiidae) and on epidemiological transmission routes of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani'

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Author
Kosovac, Andrea M.
Mentor
Tomanović, Željko
Committee members
Jović, Jelena
Toševski, Ivo
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Abstract
Hyalesthes obsoletus, vektor biljnog patogena 'Candidatus (Ca.) Phytoplasma solani', smatra se polifagnom štetočinom od ekonomskog značaja u centralnoj Evropi i Mediteranu. Istraživanjima sprovedenim u jugoistočnoj Evropi, koja gravitira centru arela vrste i gde je zabeležen značajan broj 'Ca. P. solani'- uslovljenih biljnih bolesti, utvrđeno je postojanje četiri asocijacije vektora sa biljkama dualnim domaćinima: Convolvulus arvensis (Ca), Urtica dioica (Ud), Vitex agnus-castus (Vac) i Crepis foetida (Cf). Populaciono-genetičkim analizama mitohondrijskih i nuklearnih markera (mikrosatelita) utvrđena je kriptična diferencijacija simpatričkih (uključujući sintopske) i geografski udaljenih H. obsoletus populacija na tri filogenetičke linije uslovljene biljkom domaćinom: (1) Ca-Ud, (2) Vac i (3) Cf. Pored jasne diferencijacije na mitohondrijskim genima (1.1% - 1.5%) i mikrosatelita koji potvrđuju izdvajanje populacija u jedan od tri klastera prema biljci domaćinu (pripadnost >90%), podršk...u za izdizanje genetičke divergencije H. obsoletus sensu lato na nivo kriptične specijacije daje registrovana distanca u odnosu na morfološki najsrodniju vrstu - Hyalesthes thracicus (2.1% - 3.3%). Posledice specijalizacije i diferencijacije H. obsoletus sensu lato prema biljkama domaćinima na epidemiologiju 'Ca. P. solani' procenjene su multigenskom karakterizacijom izolata fitoplazme detektovanih (1) in situ u prirodnim epidemiološkim sistemima mediteranskih vinograda i (2) eksperimentima unakrsne inokulacije biljaka putem prirodno inficiranih populacija vektora. Potvrđena je osnovna epidemiološka divergencija 'Ca. P. solani' na tuf-a/-ab i tuf-b cikluse vezane za Ud i Ca uz ukrštanje sa Vac-uzrokovanom tuf-b epidemiologijom i utvrđena kompleksnost tuf-b epidemiologije u kojoj učestvuje i treća genetička linija vektora, H. obsoletus ex Cf, kao i sama biljka dualni domaćin - C. foetida.

The cixiid planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus is generally considered as a polyphagous vector of 'Candidatus (Ca.) P. solani' associated with numerous wild and cultivated plants in central Europe and Mediterranean. Research conducted in southeastern Europe, the distribution centre of H. obsoletus and the area of most 'Ca. P. solani'-inflicted crop diseases, points toward specific dual host-plant associations with: Convolvulus arvensis (Ca), Urtica dioica (Ud), Vitex agnus-castus (Vac) and Crepis foetida (Cf). Population-genetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers (microsatellites) have revealed cryptic differentiation between sympatric (including syntopic) and geographically distant H. obsoletus populations into three phylogenetic lineages delineated by host-plant preference: 1) Ca-Ud, 2) Vac i 3) Cf. Cryptic species diversification within H. obsoletus sensu lato is supported by the genetic divergence of mitochondrial genes (1.1% - 1.5%), microsatellites that confirm po...pulation clustering into three genetic groups associated with specific host-plant (average assignment >90%) and genetic distances among host-associated H. obsoletus metapopulations comparable to the most closely related, morphologically distinguishable species - Hyalesthes thracicus (2.1% - 3.3%). Consequences of the H. obsoletus sensu lato differentiation on the epidemiology of 'Ca. P. solani' are assessed by multilocus genotyping of the phytoplasma isolates detected (1) in situ in natural epidemiological systems of the Mediterranean vineyards and (2) plant inoculation experiments using naturally infected vector populations. Basic 'Ca. P. solani' epidemiological divergence into tuf-a/-ab and tuf-b cycles, each associated with Ud and Ca, respectively, is confirmed with evidences of intermixing Vac-induced tuf-b epidemiology, while complexity of the tuf-b epidemiology is further evidenced through influence of the third genetic lineage of the vector H. obsoletus ex C. foetida and its dual host-plant.

Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Биолошки факултет
Date:
18-09-2018
Projects:
  • info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MESTD/Integrated and Interdisciplinary Research (IIR or III)/43001/RS// (RS-43001)
Keywords:
Hyalesthes obsoletus / Hyalesthes obsoletus / host-plant / population genetics / cryptic evolution / stolbur phytoplasma / epidemiology / multilocus genotypisation / biljka domaćin / populaciona genetika / kriptična evolucija / stolbur fitoplazma / epidemiologija / multigenska karakterizacija
[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_10053
URI
https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/10053
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=6105
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