Ekonomski efekti investicione saradnje Kine i Evropske unije
Author
Mrdaković, SanelaMentor
Todorović, MilošCommittee members
Marković, IvanKovačević, Radovan
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Show full item recordAbstract
China's impressive economic growth of about 9.2% per year оver the past 40
years has opened numerous corridors for investment and business activities
of Chinese companies in international markets, of which the EU market was
particularly attractive to Chinese investors. Over the last 20 years, and
particularly since the introduction of the new Silk Road, Chinese investments
in the EU have grown rapidly, and along with them their merchandise trade.
When in 2013 China introduced the new Silk Road and the development of
land and sea corridors, some of which designed to reach the European Union,
it became evident that the presence of Chinese companies in the EU would
become more prominent going forward. It is estimated that the value of
projects under this initiative will reach 8 trillion USD by the time of its
completion. China is now engaged in the largest European ports and
companies, in almost all economic sectors. The presence in European ports
has created a huge trade potential, makin...g China now the EU’s largest trading
partner (in terms of trade in goods). This dissertation examines the China-EU
investment relations, with an emphasis on the Silk Road investments and their
importance for the EU and for China's interests in Europe. The research aims
to determine key advantages and disadvantages of their investment
cooperation, and the potential for further development of their trade and
investment relations. The research also aims to determine the impact of
Chinese investments on the volume, commodity and geographic structure of
the EU's foreign trade, as well as the impact of Chinese initiatives within the
Silk Road, such as the 16+1 bloc, on the unity and cohesion of the European
Union. The relevance of certain countries within the 16+1 bloc for Silk Road
corridors in Europe is disparate, which is why some countries have so far
received a larger volume of FDI and projects than others. This has caused
inequalities in the EU countries’ engagement with China, and the support for
China's interests by some, which further caused divisions within the Union.
Correlation and autoregression analysis was carried out to measure the
interdependence of foreign direct investments and trade between the EU and
China, and to extrapolate data on the export and import of EU goods with the
largest trading partners. China, USA and Russia trade data was used in the
analysis. The research is rounded off with аn analysis of the US rivalry with
Russia and China and its impact on EU-China relations. Empirical research
indicates an acceleration of EU imports and exports with China compared to
other trade partners, which confirms the current dynamics of the EU’s foreign
trade, which is moving towards strengthening trade with China and slowing
down trade with the USA. This confirms one of the dissertation hypotheses
that China’s investment activities in the EU affect the volume and structure
of the EU’s foreign trade. The USA's rivalry with China and Russia affects
the EU's investment, trade and foreign policy and its relations with China,
bringing it inside the triangle of rivalry of the largest military and economic
powers.
Due to close economic engagement with China and, to a certain extent,
dependence on the Chinese market, and on the other hand, alignment with the
US in terms of military cooperation and foreign policy, the interests of the EU
now gravitate both towards the East and towards the West. The initiation of
the conflict in Ukraine and the tightening of relations with Russia further
complicated its position. Going forward, the EU must carefully balance its
activities and engagements with key partners, to be able to emerge from the
existing crises and competition and position itself as an influential
geopolitical player, as it has always been.