Relacije efikasnosti igre, telesne strukture i specifične fizičke pripremljenosti kod elitnih odbojkašica: četvorogodišnja lingitudinalna studija
Relations between game efficiency, body coposition and specific physical preparation in elite volleyball players: four-year longitudinal study
Doktorand
Banković, Vladimir,Mentor
Dopsaj, MilivojČlanovi komisije
Nešić, GoranMajstorović, Nikola
Milić, Vladan
Metapodaci
Prikaz svih podataka o disertacijiSažetak
U ovom istraživanju su prezentovani rezultati četvorogodišnje longitudinalne studije koja je za
cilj imala utvrđivanje međuzavisnosti efikasnosti odbojkaške igre, telesne strukture i akutnog nivoa
specifične pripremljenosti i praćenje promena istih tokom sedam prioritetnih odnosno glavnih takmičenja
u okviru četiri konsekutivne takmičarske sezone. U odnosu na postojeću literaturu, evidentan je manjak
informacija, kako u odnosu na longitudinalno praćenje telesne strukture, specifične fizičke
pripremljenosti, efikasnosti odbojkaške igre, a sve u funkciji njihovog uticaja na ostvarivanje
takmičarske performanse elitnih odbojkašica. Predmet ovog rada predstavlja istraživanje fenomenologije
zavisnosti prostora telesne strukture sportista, specifične fizičke pripremljenosti i efikasnosti odbojkaške
igre u funkciji četiri uzastopnih jednogodišnjih makrociklusa sportske pripreme. Cilj ovog istraživanja
je utvrđivanje međuzavisnosti efikasnosti odbojkaške igre, telesne strukture i akutnog nivoa... specifične
pripremljenosti i praćenje istih promena tokom takmičarske sezone.
U istraživanju su učestvovale elitne odbojkašice, pripadnice seniorskog reprezentativnog tima
Republike Srbije. Ispitivani uzorak je praćen u periodu od četiri godine, odnosno sedam glavnih
takmičenja. Takođe, u sastavu reprezentativne ekipe u datom periodu, u zavisnosti od takmičenja bilo je
uključeno 12 – 14 odbojkašica u timu po sezoni u odnosu na takmičenje. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja je
korišćeno 47 varijabli koje su podeljene u tri definisana prostora i to: 1) telesna struktura, 2) specifična
fizička pripremljenost i 3) efikasnost odbojkaške igre. Telesni sastav ispitanica je meren multikanalnom
bioelektričnom impedancom (BIA) primenom metode laboratorijskog testiranja, a pomoću aparata
InBody720. U odnosu na specifičnu pripremljenost sa aspekta odbojke, korišćena su tri standardizovana
testa kojim se merila visina vertikalnog skoka: skok iz polu čučnja (squat jump – SJ), skok sa počučnjem
i bez zamaha rukama (Countermovement Jump - CMJ), i skok sa počučnjem i zamahom rukama
(Countermovement Jump with Arms - CMJa). Za analizu efikasnosti odbojkaške igre, korišćene su
standardizovane formule softvera za kompjuterizovanu analizu takmičarske aktivnosti u odbojci
DataVolley (Data Project, 2007), koji predstavlja trenutno najrazvijeniji i najzastupljeniji softverski alat
korišćen u date svrhe.
Sve originalne varijable su obrađene primenom metoda za analizu deskriptivne statistike, a zatim
su transformisane metodom multidimenzionalnog skaliranja u standardizovane skorove. Na taj način su
sa metodološkog aspekta standardizovane sve varijable koje su ispitivane, jer su bile nosilac informacija
o statusu telesne strukture, specifične fizičke pripremljenosti i efikasnosti igre, uprkos činjenici da su se
pratile četiri različite konsekutivne takmičarske Sezone nacionalnog tima sa različitim trenažnim i
takmičarskim ciljevima, a koji je u određenoj meri i imao različite sastave igrača u odnosu na Sezone...
This study presents the results of a four-year longitudinal study aimed at determining the
interconnection of the efficiency of volleyball, body structure and acute level of specific preparedness
and monitoring changes during seven priority or major competitions within four consecutive competitive
seasons. In relation to the existing literature, there is an evident lack of information, both in relation to
longitudinal monitoring of body structure, specific physical fitness, efficiency of volleyball games, all in
the function of their influence on the achievement of competitive performance of elite volleyball players.
The subject of this paper is the research of the phenomenology area of dependence in the morphology of
athletes, specific physical fitness and efficiency of volleyball games in the function of a four-year
macrocycle of sports preparation. The aim of this research is to determine the interdependence of the
efficiency of volleyball play, body structure and acute level of spe...cific preparedness and to monitor the
same changes during four consecutive competitive seasons.
In this research participated elite volleyball players, members of the senior representative team
of the Republic of Serbia. Given that it is planned to include a period of four years, i.e. seven major
competitions, changes in the composition of the representative team in a given period were determined,
and depending on the competition, 12 - 14 volleyball players were included in the team per season. The
measuring range is defined on 47 variables that are divided into three defined spaces, namely: 1) body
structure, 2) specific physical fitness and 3) the efficiency of volleyball play. In relation to the
characteristics of the body composition of the subjects, measurement of the same was carried out by
laboratory testing, using multichannel bioelectric impedance methods. In relation to the specific
preparedness from the aspect of volleyball, i.e. the height of the vertical jump, three standardized tests
were used: SJ, CMJ, CMJa. For the analysis of the efficiency of volleyball games, within this paper,
standardized software formulas for computerized analysis of competitive activity in volleyball
DataVolley (Data Project, 2007), which is currently the most developed and most common software tool
used for given purposes, as well as the results obtained by their application, were exclusively used.
At the general level, there was no statistically significant correlation between Specific Physical
Fitness and Game Efficiency (r = 0.185, p = 0.070), as well as between Body Structure and Game
Efficiency (r = - 0.063, p = 0.541). However, in relation to individual seasons, a statistically significant
correlation was found for the competition seasons – 2017 and 2018, between Specific Physical Fitness
and Morphology at the level of r = 0.639, p = 0.000, and between Specific Physical Fitness and
Morphology at the level r = 0.590, p = 0.026, as well as between Game Efficiency and Morphology at
the level of r = 0.554, p = 0.040...