Efekti primene elemenata sportova osoba sa invaliditetom u nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja

Abstract

Introduction: The tasks of physical education are aimed at improving the health of students, their working abilities, developing physical abilities, learning different habits and adapting to the workload. The attendance of students in physical education classes and the intensity of exercise are decreasing, and the increase in obesity among school children is increasing. In addition, children with developmental disabilities have a low level of acceptance by their peers. For these reasons, there is a need for certain corrections and innovations in the teaching of physical education. The goal of this research was to determine the effect of implementing elements of sports for persons with disabilities in physical education classes. Method: In the research participated 80 fifth-grade students, divided into two groups - experimental and control. In the experimental group there were 40 respondents (20 girls and 20 boys), and in the control group 40 respondents (20 girls and 20 boys). The subject of research is motor skills, body status and attitudes towards people with disabilities. The experimental group had three classes of a special program of elements of sports for persons with disabilities, while the control group worked according to the regular schedule. The Eurofit Physical Fitness battery of nine tests was used to assess motor skills. To assess body status seven tests were used which can assess body structure, and it was measured by the bioimpedance method, an instrument for assessing body composition (InBody 270). The assessment of attitudes towards a persons with a disability was measured by the questionnaire "Children's Attitude Toward Integrated Physical Education-Revised" (CAIPE-R; Block, 1995). Results: Based on the significance obtained, by comparing the initial and final measurements with a t-test for dependent samples, in the subsample of boys out of 20 examined variables, a statistically significant difference was observed in 12 variables in favor of the experimental group while for girls, out of 20 variables, a statistically significant difference was achieved in 14 variables, in favor of the experimental group. The results showed that at the multivariate level, based on the obtained significance of Wilks' lambda, a clearly noticeable statistically significant impact of the program on all three groups of variables. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the experimental program partially had a positive effect on a bigger number of motor skills, as well as on several body structure tests. The impact of the experimental program on attitudes towards people with disabilities is somewhat more significant. Therefore, it is necessary to upgrade the experimental program in terms of duration and complexity of exercise selection.