Strateški model planiranja i projektovanja obnove betonskih fasada visokih slobodnostojećih stambenih zgrada s aspekta energetske efikasnosti, trajnosti i bezbednosti od požara

Abstract

Održive zgrade su istovremeno otporne, bezbedne, zdrave, energetski efikasne, trajne i komforne za korišćenje. U okviru sprovedenih istraživanja razvijen je i formiran strateški model kojim se rešava problem istovremene integracije više zahteva/aspekata (energetska efikasnost, trajnost, bezbednost od požara) u procesu obnove fasada/zgrada. Validacijom predloženog modela kroz studiju slučaja je dokazano da se njegovom upotrebom omogućuje: metodološki pristup unapređenju stanja postojećih zgrada u pravcu održivog izgrađenog okruženja, a da se pri tom zadrže nasleđene vrednosti i prednosti postojećih zgrada; detekcija, lociranje i geometrijska karakterizacija pukotina na fasadama primenom novokreiranog poluautomatizovanog digitalnog alata; procena rizika od požara, primenom novokreirane metodologije, jedinstvene na našim prostorima i u skladu sa najnovijim trendovima u oblasti analize rizika; dostupnost podataka i informacija potrebnih za detaljnu analizu stvarnog stanja i celokupni proces planiranja i projektovanja obnove postojećih zgrada, putem dosijea zgrade, koji predstavlja jedan od izlaznih rezultata modela; kao i formiranje okvira za dalji razvoj modela za različite nivoe obnove od pojedinačnih zgrada do kompletnih blokova zgrada i naselja u celini.

Sustainable buildings are resistant, safe, healthy, energy efficient, durable and comfortable to use. Within the scope of the conducted research, a strategic model was developed and formed, which solves the problem of the simultaneous integration of several requirements/aspects (energy efficiency, durability, fire safety) in the process of renewal of facades/buildings. Validation of the proposed model through a case study proved that its use enables: a methodological approach to improving the condition of existing buildings in the direction of a sustainable built environment, while maintaining the inherited values and advantages of existing buildings; detection, location and geometric characterization of facade cracks using a newly created semi-automated digital tool; fire risk assessment, using a newly created methodology, unique in our region and in accordance with the latest trends in the field of risk analysis; the availability of data and information needed for a detailed facade assessment and the overall process of planning and designing the renewal of existing buildings, through the „building file“, which is one of the output of the model; as well as forming a framework for further development of models for different levels of renovation from individual buildings to complete blocks of buildings and settlements as a whole.